National Repository of Grey Literature 29 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Epidemiology of sporadic forms of colorectal cancer in terms of preventions and the possibility of early diagnostic.
Schneiderová, Michaela ; Bencko, Vladimír (advisor) ; Krška, Zdeněk (referee) ; Hudečková, Henrieta (referee)
Thanks to the latest achievements in diagnostics, surgery and oncology, the overall perspective of colorectal cancer has changed significantly. There are no doubts that we deal with a complex disease, requiring multidisciplinary approach and assessment. Only this approach can enable patients to survive longer and maintain acceptable quality of there lives. Taking a long view over several decades, the steep rise in incidence of this malignancy was strongly alarming. It is partly a penalty for a prolongation of life expectance, since one of the risk factors is age. Knowing the way of life and dietary customs of our ancestors, one cannot deny that the change of lifestyle including dietary habits, as well as decrease of physical activity, obesity, stress, unsuitable thermal processing of food produced in bulk, consumption of immoderate amount of red meat, limited intake of raw vegetable and fruits, excessive intake of xenobiotics, such as medication or cosmetic products, excessive alcohol consumption, particularly beer, nicotinism, environmental pollutants, etc. contribute to the increase of this cancer incidence. All the above mentioned factors have led over the time to a formation and development of numerous so called civilization diseases, among which rates the colorectal cancer (CRC). Despite the...
Kinetics of selected substances in dermal exposure (Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons)
Kotingová, Lenka ; Fiala, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Bencko, Vladimír (referee) ; Čegan, Alexander (referee)
Kinetics of selected substances in dermal exposure (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) Skin is one of the largest human body organs and its proper functioning is vital for human body. Dermal exposure represents one of the most important pathways of exogenous substances into the body. Data on kinetics of transdermal absorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) have been yet so far insufficient. Present estimates of health risks level connected to dermal exposure to PAHs, are loaded with great deal of uncertainty. The aim of the dissertation thesis was employment and validation of appropriate testing method of transdermal absorption of substances in vitro and the use of this method to obtain new findings on the influence of concentration, dissolvent and form of application, on the measure of dermal absorption of selected PAH representatives. For the testing of transdermal absorption of substances in vitro, the method using static Franz vertical diffusion cell was chosen. As an absorption membrane, full leather of rear surface of the auricle of a domestic pig was used. Content of analytes in samples of receptor fluid was analyzed by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and by high performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection (HPLC), for which a new methods was developed and...
The Possible Assessments of Unprofessional Exposures of Low Frequency Noise
Potužníková, Dana ; Fiala, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Bencko, Vladimír (referee) ; Argalášová, Ĺubica (referee)
v anglickém jazyce The possible assessments of unprofessional exposures of low frequency noise Introduction: Along with technical development, the number of sources of low frequency noise increases in the human environment and the number of complaints from people exposed to noise from these sources increases as well. The statutory limit for non-professional exposure to low frequency noise has not yet been established (due to the limited amount of data on low frequency noise exposure risks) in the EU countries (USA) and no WHO recommendations have been issued in this area. For these reasons, the hygienic limit for municipal/non-professional exposure to low frequency noise was not specified in the Czech Republic. Objecticve: The present dissertation thesis was to investigate whether the short-term experimental exposure to low frequency noise with the tonic component induces significant changes in the circadian rhythm of cortisol and alpha-amylase in saliva in the experimental set of volunteers. Saliva is a biological material that allows low-invasiveness collection. The work was supposed to assess whether possible changes could be used as objective indicators of the presence of the stress response to the noise exposure. Material and metods: An experimental study was conducted on a set of 100...
Epidemiological aspects of inflammatory rheumatic diseases and diffusional diseases of binding tissue.
Hánová, Petra ; Pavelka, Karel (advisor) ; Bencko, Vladimír (referee) ; Horák, Pavel (referee)
v anglickém jazyce Introduction: No information was known about frequency of common inflammatory disorders in rheumatology in the Czech Republic. Aims of the study: To estimate the standardized annual incidence (INC) and point prevalence (PREV) of six diseases (rheumatoid arthritis-RA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis-JIA, gout, psoriatic arthritis-PsA, ankylosing spondylitis-AS, reactive arthritis-ReA) in a population-based study in two regions of the Czech Republic (CR). Methods: INC: Incident cases were registered on condition that the definite diagnosis was confirmed according to existing classification criteria during the study period. PREV was studied on the basis of identification of established diagnoses at a time point. Crude rates were standardized for age and sex. Results: Both INC and PREV are shown per 100.000 inhabitants. RA INC:31 (95%CI 20-42), PREV:610 (95%CI 561-658). Gout-INC:41 (95%CI 28-53), PREV:300 (95% CI 266-334). JIA-INC: 13 (95% CI 1-20), PREV:140 (95%CI 117-280). PsA-INC:3,6 (95% CI 1-8), PREV:49 (95%CI 40-60). AS-INC:6 (95% CI 3-11), PREV:94 (95% CI 94-109). ReA-INC:9 (95% CI 6-15), PREV:91 (95% CI 78-106). Conclusion: This is the first population-based study estimating annual incidence and prevalence rates of the most common rheumatological disorders in the Czech...
"Disaster, war, conflict, complex emergencies and International public health risks."
Quinn V, John Michael ; Bencko, Vladimír (advisor) ; Tuček, Milan (referee) ; Chlíbek, Roman (referee)
PhD Thesis Abstract: John Michael Quinn V In the 21st century, the prevention of illness, disease and risks to health ushered in public health and medical practice with mixed results. War, hybrid warfare, conflict, complex emergencies and disasters remain significant public health risks and areas of strategic concern; focused epidemiological study in health policy remains elusive. The paradigm shift from major world powers leading global affairs and affecting global health to multiple state and non-state actors vying for power and influence regionally has possibly led to an increase in small scale and low intensity conflict with high morbidity and mortality, including both noncommunicable (NCD) and communicable diseases. The basic research carried out for this PhD project includes: 1) mental health surveys and trauma associated with war; 2) the migration of, and the need for, advanced medical personnel and their services in war and hybrid warfare, including how the negative movement or adverse flow through 'brain drain' of doctors affects disaster; 3) a quantitative study of infectious diseases, health and human security associated with state stability and the mitigation of state failure; 4) a qualitative food security review, the origins of food security and its impact; and 5) the general concepts of...
Study of levels of selected toxic and benefit trace elements in human organism
Batáriová, Andrea ; Černá, Milena (advisor) ; Rychlovský, Petr (referee) ; Bencko, Vladimír (referee)
The work is focused on the study of variability in concentration and determination of reference values of selected toxic trace elements and benefitních in the human organism, which are monitored within the CZ-HBM (cadmium, lead, mercury, copper, selenium and zinc). The results shown here are based on concentrations of selected trace elements in blood and urine of adults and children from the locality Benešov, Plzen, Ústí nad Labem and Ždár nad Sázavou for the period 1996 - 2003. These data were processed by descriptive statistics annually. The aim was to undergo a detailed statistical analysis, taking account of indications of donors and children received a questionnaire (age, gender, location, smoking), to assess the development of long-term time series and to establish reference values valid for population groups in the period of time.
Ethics of doctor-patient relationship in dentistry
Pipková, Irena ; Bednář, Miloslav (advisor) ; Bencko, Vladimír (referee) ; Šimek, Jiří (referee)
The work involves comparingethical values in the general population without serious damage to the general health, and in pacients within overal disease where i tis clear that the scale of values of the two groups are different. From futher examinations came some additional insights /see Chapter 4 d/ and chapter 5 work/. Results and conclusions are in line with Anglo-Saxon literature/ European and overseas/ and our own experience with treating pacients. No medical industry can not fully ensure full health of pacients. There is a set of values focused on specific medical professions and their own core values. These parameters set values based on many aspects of professional decision meking. And those serve to assess the pacientś needs. How to treat and the doctorś own medical approach to the pacient with severe overal ilness correspondens to the hierarchy of ethical values in Ozar-Sokol scheme. Proposal of six major ethical values concerning dentistry and access to treatment and justice in distribution and alocation of resources in surgical pacients with variety of serious medical interventions: heart surgery, transplants, etc./ ethical values contribute to the proces of decision- making in case of conflict. Not all Ozar-Sokol scheme recognizes those. From the perspective of pacients with serious...
The effect of air pollution on the incidence of asthma symptoms
Velická, Helena ; Štípek, Stanislav (advisor) ; Bencko, Vladimír (referee) ; Rychlíková, Eva (referee)
The effect of air pollution on the incidence of asthma symptoms MUDr. Helena Velická ABSTRACT The aim of the thesis was to establish the effect of short-term ambient air pollutant concentration changes on asthma exacerbation and symptom variability. The study concerned 147 child patients (age 6 - 18 years) and 304 adult patients (age 19 - 62 years) with confirmed diagnosis of asthma. Their respiratory symptoms and other complaints were recorded in diaries during the heating season (November 2013 - February 2014) in the high- polluted industrial city of Ostrava, Czech Republic. The concentrations of PM10, NO2 and SO2 were measured and provided as smoothed daily maps. GPS coordinates of two addresses of each respondent (the residence and the school/work) were linked with the maps and 24-hour exposure of the respondents to each pollutant was determined, regarding the individuals'daily pattern. The relationships between exposures and health effects were analyzed using Generalized Additive Models (GAM) and expressed as odds ratios per 10 µg/m3 increase in the mean 24-hour exposure at the same day, and also in lag days (1-5), both separately and as moving averages (1-5). Significant associations were found between increase of one- to several days exposure to air pollutants and asthma symptom incidence both in...
The Possible Assessments of Unprofessional Exposures of Low Frequency Noise
Potužníková, Dana ; Fiala, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Bencko, Vladimír (referee) ; Argalášová, Ĺubica (referee)
v anglickém jazyce The possible assessments of unprofessional exposures of low frequency noise Introduction: Along with technical development, the number of sources of low frequency noise increases in the human environment and the number of complaints from people exposed to noise from these sources increases as well. The statutory limit for non-professional exposure to low frequency noise has not yet been established (due to the limited amount of data on low frequency noise exposure risks) in the EU countries (USA) and no WHO recommendations have been issued in this area. For these reasons, the hygienic limit for municipal/non-professional exposure to low frequency noise was not specified in the Czech Republic. Objecticve: The present dissertation thesis was to investigate whether the short-term experimental exposure to low frequency noise with the tonic component induces significant changes in the circadian rhythm of cortisol and alpha-amylase in saliva in the experimental set of volunteers. Saliva is a biological material that allows low-invasiveness collection. The work was supposed to assess whether possible changes could be used as objective indicators of the presence of the stress response to the noise exposure. Material and metods: An experimental study was conducted on a set of 100...

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