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Use of Waste Water in Nuclear Power Dukovany for Heating
Bohůn, Vojtěch ; Bartošík, Tomáš (referee) ; Mastný, Petr (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with various ways of energetically advantageous utilization of waste heat produced by industrial technologies. The focus of the diploma thesis is both to provide an overview of different ways and places of origin of waste heat in industrial technologies and of its possible reutilization, to suggest a concrete air heating system using waste heat and to propose a long-distance hot water pipe which supplies hot water pipe system with energy. First, technologies producing waste heat and some ways of regressing of heat in such technologies are theoretically described. Second, the equipment for transferring of heat and for adjustment of thermal energy parameters is described. A special focus is put on water supplies of the Nuclear Power Plant Dukovany and some selected parts of its secondary circuit, which is waste heat collected from. The analysis is supplemented by a calculation of theoretical quantity of waste heat. The aim of the calculation is to determine whether waste heat can be a source of energy for heating. Then, a current system of heating of three selected buildings in the area of the Nuclear Power Plant Dukovany is briefly described. Based on the gained knowledge, a project of air heating with two heat pumps type water – water, a heat receiver preparing warm service water and three recuperative units for preheating of fresh heating air is designed. The selection of main parts of the air heating is amended by a calculation of purchase costs and electric energy consumption. After that, the focus is placed on choice of type of hot water pipe – its trace is stated and an indicative estimation and a thermal-conditions calculation in the hot water pipe are made. The preliminary calculation serves as a source of information for a final project of air heating and calculation of changes of temperatures longwise the hot water pipe. The project contains also a calculation of pressure losses and an analysis of economical questions concerning hot water pipes. In conclusion, the results of project of air heating and hot water pipes are summarized.
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Support of the energy sources construction for households
Stručovský, Aleš ; Radil, Lukáš (referee) ; Bartošík, Tomáš (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the comparison of energy sources used for residential construction. It focuses on photovoltaic power plants, wind power plants, hydropower plants and cogeneration units. Budget cost of energy source is limited to the amount of 550 000 CZK. Every source of energy is defined by its feature, operating principle, advantages and disadvantages. Options of selling the produced energy and its price are specified. Furthermore, the particular building licence applications (construction administration approval, generation of power questionnaire, application for connection to the distribution network, application for the contract of energy production support) including all the necessary enclosures have been analysed. Essential aspect for buying the energy source is its power and it is chosen according to the type of source. Energy source of hydropower systems is flow and gradient, in wind power systems it is wind speed, in photovoltaic power systems it is sufficient intensity of sunshine and in cogeneration units its dependance on annual heat consumption. Specific energy source available on our market is chosen for every group and the calculations of annual electricity production, period of repayment and profitability in 20-year running period are performed.
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Electricity Consumption Progression Analysis
Kunc, Dominik ; Procházka, Jiří (referee) ; Bartošík, Tomáš (advisor)
The aim of this thesis is to briefly introduce the reader to the problem of development of the electricity consumption, to show the possibilities of its prediction, and provide an example of electricity consumption analysis, which may serve as a basis for long-term forecast. The first part of this work is devoted to brief overview of the development of consumption of electrical energy in the Czech Republic and factors associated with that development. The main events of Czech electrification history are outlined, as well as factors influencing the magnitude of the demand for electricity in the recent times. There are described the possibilities of the influence of foreign exchange and price of the electricity, net losses, GDP, the consumption of gas, the number of inhabitants, or the structure of the economy. This work further describes the development of the consumption of electric energy abroad and comparison of the electricity consumption in the Czech Republic to its neighboring countries, in which there are apparently influence by variety of factors that affect the consumption development trend. For more complex overview, the electricity consumption of most of European states is being noted, and near the end of the chapter the development in poorest countries and in quickly growing economies is shown. The fourth chapter mentions methods for short and middle-term prediction of consumption of electricity. There also is more consistent description of possibilities useful for long-term prediction, for which the use of the results of statistics analysis is possible. The description of observed data that are used to find the dependences of different factors is made in the following part. Further the approach of the statistics analysis used in this thesis is shown, and the key terms are explained. The dates concerning the consumption of Czech Republic are analyzed, followed by the states with similar trend of the consumption and finally other European states. Sixth chapter examines the possible uses of the outcomes of statistical analyses for long-term prediction of electricity consumption. The conclusion sums up the knowledge acquired during the research concerning problem of electricity consumption and my own analysis of data.
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Alternative use of biomass
Hornoch, Radek ; Radil, Lukáš (referee) ; Bartošík, Tomáš (advisor)
This bachelor´s thesis describes the options of the processing biomass on the nobler fuels and their using. In the first part are described the sources of biomass so the option targeted grow crops or use different convenient wastes. The second part contains a description of the technology, how to revise the biomass to synthesis gas, methanol, ethanol, biodiesel and biogas. They are given yields on already mentioned high-grade fuels from individual crops and technologies. The third part deals with device where it is maybe to use nobler forms of fuels. It is going about traditional heating plant with back pressure or condensing extraction turbine, steam heating plant, a cogeneration unit with micro turbine, a cogeneration unit with combustion engine and a cogeneration unit with fuel cells. At the end of the chapter is a comparison of the different devices when using different fuels.
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Nuclear energetics in CR and in the world
Peroutka, Tomáš ; Bartošík, Tomáš (referee) ; Mastný, Petr (advisor)
This work is about a basic principles of nuclear reaction, creation of nuclear reaction and its development. Here is also described contemporary status and its level of progression. The first part is about a history of nuclear energy – its beginnings and further progress. Next the work deals with a nuclear power stations, nuclear reactors etc. The other part of this work is based on a nuclear waste. Then, I will write about a future of nuclear energy. The last point is creating the enegetic conception of our country.
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Study of connectivity for PV power station
Krejčí, Tomáš ; Bartošík, Tomáš (referee) ; Mastný, Petr (advisor)
Bachelor‘s thesis focused on studying connectivity of PV plant into the distribution system.. The first parts are processed by the conditions of connection of new resources into the distribution system with a focus on photovoltaics. Individual points are taken from the rules of the road grid, which gives the Energy Regulatory Authority. In the second part is given FVS problem. There is a brief history of photovoltaics. More details are described photovoltaic element, its principles, and different types of PV article composition PV panel. There are presented methods of operation FVS. The last section is designed to PVP via PC software.
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Possibilities of Using Thermoelectric Converters in Power Industry
Halas, Miroslav ; Bartošík, Tomáš (referee) ; Macháček, Jan (advisor)
This thesis deals with thermoelectric transformers and their application in electrical power engineering. First, a theoretical overview is shown within which major personalities of the thermoelectric field are presented. Then, construction, functionality and fabrication materials of the thermoelectric transformer are outlined. The next part covers utilization of thermoelectric transformers within electrical power engineering through the history up until now. Also major world-leading companies are presented. In the practical part, the possibilities of thermoelectric transformers in conjunction with primary power sources are shown. Then, power output of solar thermoelectric transformer during winter is calculated using balance methods. At the end, a design of thermoelectric transformer exploiting waste heat of coal power plant and its rate of return are presented. In the conclusion, findings made during this study are summed and a complex assessment of the topic is done.
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The Conversion Efficiency of Different Kinds of Energy into Electrical Energy and the Possibility of its Accumulation
Ostruška, Jan ; Bartošík, Tomáš (referee) ; Macháček, Jan (advisor)
The thesis deals with the issues of the conversion efficiency of different kinds of energy into electric energy. Firstly, the thesis presents a brief introduction into types of energy sources and their capacity. Then, conversion efficiency of particular direct and indirect conversion is scrutinized, pointing to factors which affect conversion efficiency. The next chapter deals with the possibilities of accumulating electric energy. These are analysed as far as conversion efficiency is concerned as well and the end of the chapter concludes with comparison of these particular possibilities. Booth parts of the process – power generation and its accumulation – are connected in comprehensive scheme of energy conversions. The thesis develops on this scheme by mathematic description of its components and by designing a simulation programme, which would show the flow of energy in the scheme.
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