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Animal similes in Czech and Swedish
Pšeničková, Andrea ; Štěříková, Hana (advisor) ; Stahr, Radka (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the analysis of Czech and Swedish phraseological similes featuring zooappellatives (animal names). Its first part covers the theory of phraseology and idiomatics from the perspective of the Czech and Swedish linguistic tradition. The main focus lies on phraseological similes, while their semantic and formal components are described in greater detail. The selection of the similes chosen for the analysis in the second part of the thesis was carried out using a corpus-driven research method via queries to the KonText and Korp corpus managers, which retrieve digitalised language data from the selected Czech National Corpus and Språkbanken corpora. The main part of the thesis is then devoted to the semantic analysis of the selected similes and the search for translation equivalents between the Czech and Swedish language. Depending on the extent of mutual equivalence of their meaning, the similes are classified into four categories (ranging from full equivalence, where the same animal appears in both languages in the same meaning, to the category of similes for which there is no translation in the other language's field of phraseology). The fifth category is reserved for ambiguous instances. The analysis of the linguistic material shows that the most frequent translation...
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The derivational suffixes -is and -o in present-day Swedish as two word-formation processes of slang in language on social media: corpus study
Löblová, Alžběta ; Dubec, Pavel (advisor) ; Štěříková, Hana (referee)
The thesis is focussed on Swedish derivational suffixes -is and -o used in col- loquial Swedish or slang to coin embellished clippings or complex words. The aim of the thesis is to provide comparison of the suffixes in terms of the way new words are coined, what part of speech the words can be classified as and in terms of their meaning. The comparison helps to determine whether or not we are dealing with suffixes in competition. With respect to the way new words are coined with the suffixes, it was nec- essary to delineate some of the Swedish productive word-formation processes. The delineation of the productive processes in Swedish made possible to define the way new words with the suffixes -is and -o are coined. Newly coined words are usually marked by some degree of familiarity and often are perceived as creative neologisms by native speakers. Most words with these suffixes are randomly formed and as such are not used for a long period of time. For those reasons the suffixes are most productive in informal styles such as colloquial language or slang. The data sample is extracted from the texts on social media included in the Swedish corpus, where higher frequency of occurrence was expected. The analysis proved that the Swedish suffixes -is and -o are alike in terms of word-formation processes...
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Analysis of the passive voice in the Czech and Swedish language and its translation
Braná, Marie ; Štěříková, Hana (advisor) ; Dubec, Pavel (referee)
We distinguish two types of passive voice in Swedish, namely: s-passive and periphrastic passive, the use of s-pasivum being applied much more frequently. In Czech, periphrastic passive is used as well as reflexive passive, which is traditionally considered as a type of passive voice, although various linguists may not unequivocally agree to classify it as such. Periphrastic passive is rather found in literature and is less frequent while the reflexive passive, being more common, is regarded as neutral passive structure. Swedish fictional literature employs passive voice approximately twice as much as the Czech one. When analyzing the translation options, we distinguish three types of passive structures, since both subtypes of periphrastic passive in Swedish - vara-passive and bli-passive - do differentiate in meaning. The analysis proves that there is a significant tendency to translate passive constructions into active; this is a similarity shared between s-passive and bli-passive.Vara-passive, which, on the contrary, has a rather stative meaning, is translated into verbonominal predicate in most cases. The second most used translation variant of all three types of passive is a periphrastic formulation. This is not a homogenous category, given that it comprises all the translation options that...
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Aspect in the Slavic and Scandinavian languages: comparison and interlingual translation with examples from Czech, Ukrainian and Swedish
Polishchuk, Daria ; Štěříková, Hana (advisor) ; Dubec, Pavel (referee)
(på engelska): This thesis aims to investigate what the verbal aspect as a grammatical verb category entails, how it is formed and expressed in Slavic languages, namely in Czech and Ukrainian. In addition to verbal aspect, aktionsart is also examined. Initially, the focus is on the definition of the most relevant terms, while specific examples of aktionsart and usage of perfective and imperfective aspect are emphasized later in the study. In addition, the various aspectual means available in languages that lack aspect as a grammatical category are analyzed, with Swedish as an example. Special attention is given to phrasal verbs as an aspect marker. Furthermore, the thesis contains a corpus-driven research that focuses on the translation of Czech and Ukrainian perfective verbs into Swedish (27 verbs in total) and aims to see to what extent verbal particles are used when translating perfective aspect. The analysis shows that phrasal verbs are a relatively frequent means to translate perfective aspect, even though there seems to be a high degree of a translator's subjective judgement about whether or not phrasal verbs are appropriate in certain situations. Nevertheless, it is clear that phrasal verbs contribute to a more bounded and thus perfective meaning. The exact number of the results with phrasal...
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Scandinavian elements in the language of Old East Slavic legal codes
Štěříková, Hana ; Lemeškin, Ilja (advisor) ; Blažek, Václav (referee) ; Starý, Jiří (referee)
The doctoral thesis Scandinavian elements in the language of Old East Slavic legal codes consists of three main parts. The first of them puts the topic in connection with previous research and assorts it both according to chronology and ideologic influences, that have had a grave impact on scientific publications concerning the disputes over Varangians and the beginning of East-Slavic history. The lack of scientific objectivity shows not only in historical studies, but also in philological works, since linguistics played only a helping role in order to deliver proofs in favour of preferred theories. The second part of the thesis researches historiographic works of Swedish diplomat Petrus Petreius (early 17th century) and thus contributes to the polemic about who was the first normanist. The analysis shows that Petreius was a skillful compiler, but is not to be considered the first normanist. His works don't include any ideological links between Swedish politics towards Russia and Gothicism either. The third part of the thesis examines history and semantics of three Old East Slavic terms ябедник (yabednik), тиун (tiun) аnd гридь (gridʼ) and their derivatives. The author describes their occurence in historical sources and development in both morphology and semantics up to the present day and makes...
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