|
|
Analysis of dual diagnoses in the Outpatient Service for children and adolescents of the Department of Addictology
Jandáč, Tomáš ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Harsa, Pavel (referee) ; Čerešník, Michal (referee)
Univerzita Karlova 1. lékařská fakulta Studijní program: doktorský Studijní obor: adiktologie Mgr. Tomáš Jandáč Analýza duálních diagnóz v provozu Ambulance dětské a dorostové adiktologie (abstrakt v anglickém jazyce) Analysis of dual diagnoses in the Outpatient Service for children and adolescents of the Department of Addictology (abstract in English) Disertační práce Školitelka: Mgr. Lenka Šťastná, Ph.D. Konzultant: doc. MUDr. et PhDr. Kamil Kalina, CSc. Praha, 2023 Abstract Background - With the emergence of the new concept of child and adolescent addiction medicine and the Czech Guidelines in Addiction Medicine, there is a need to describe the target population of children and adolescents with dual diagnoses. Although this issue is well described in the adult population, there is insufficient support in the czech literature for the pediatric population. Aims - The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of dual diagnoses in patients of the Outpatient Service of Children and Adolescent Addictology of the Department of Addictology of the 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague. Another aim is to determine whether and what relationships exist between the type of substance used or between non-substance dependence and other mental illnesses. The third...
|
|
|
Employability of graduates of the follow-up master's programme in addictology with an original bachelor's degree in another field
Černá, Kateřina ; Lososová, Amalie (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
Background: The follow-up Master's programme in Addictology was first opened in the academic year 2010/2011. Applicants from the graduates of the bachelor's programme in addictology as well as graduates of other bachelor's programmes are eligible to apply. Miovsky et al. (2021) give examples of applicants from related fields such as psychology, social work or general nursing. Candidates studying the programme do not gain eligibility to practise as an addictologist; it is an interest-based study. The employability of graduates of the master's degree in addictology alone has not yet been mapped separately. Pavlovska (2018) examined in detail the employability of all graduates of addictology from 2008 to 2016. The study expands on this work by specifically focusing on the employability of master's-only graduates with an original bachelor's degree in another discipline and adds data through January 2023. Aims: The aim of the research is to map the employability of graduates of a follow-up Master's programme in Addictology with an original Bachelor's degree in another discipline. Methods: 73 respondents formed the core sample. The respondents were approached by total sampling method, the sample was selected by self-selection. The research sample consisted of 49 respondents, the return rate was 67%. Data...
|
|
|
Impact of Universal Basic Income on Income and Poverty in Italy: A Multi-Scenario Analysis Using HFCS Data in EUROMOD
Petrus, Tomáš ; Kolář, Daniel (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
Mikrosimulace základního nepodmíněného příjmu v EUROMOD přisprívají probíhající diskusi o sociálních důsledcích a rozpočtové proveditelnosti této politiky. Evropská HFCS data použitá v této práci umožňují zdanění majetku jako způsob financování, aby byl základní nepodmíněný příjem rozpočtově neutrální. Tato práce zkoumá vliv tří unikátních scénářů na redistribuci příjmů a míru ohrožení chudobou na různé části italské populace. Rozmanitost italských regionů a boj s veřejným dluhem mohou vážně ohrozit proveditelnost scénářů v reálném světě. Výsledky práce následují trend radikálního snižování celkové chudoby a nerovnosti pozorovaný v této oblasti výzkumu. Tyto scénáře, spolu s pevnou daní z majetku, mají nepříznivé dopady na starší věkové skupiny, které se spoléhají na starobní důchody. Systém sociálních dávek má ve scénářích různé úrovně náhraditelnosti, které významně ovlivňují dopad na ohrožené skupiny. Práce nastoluje potenciální zmírnění nežádoucích účinků, které lze analyzovat v dalším výzkumu. Mikrosimulace postrádá behaviorální dopad základního nepodmíněného příjmu na jednotlivce, který je zachycen v provedených studiích v Evropě a Severní Americe.
|
|
|
Need Assessment of Alcohol-dependent Seniors in Medium-term Institutional Treatment
Ondráčková, Petra ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Svěcená, Kateřina (referee)
Background: Owing to current demographic trends reflecting an aging population, there is an increase in the group of older individuals facing issues related to alcohol consumption. This group is increasingly seeking assistance within the network of addiction services, including medium-term institutional treatment. Due to the unique physical, emotional, and cognitive characteristics associated with aging seniors and older adults respond differently to treatment compared to younger adults. Currently, healthcare providers often lack sufficient interventions related to treatment and harm reduction for substance use among older adults, addressing a broad-spectrum risk associated with substance use in this age group. Goals: The goal of the thesis is to use needs analysis to determine the needs of older users in medium-term institutional treatment and to assess whether the range of interventions meets these needs. Additionally, the thesis aims to identify potential improvements to the service better address these needs. Methodology: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with clients undergoing medium- term institutional treatment. The research sample, consisting of 7 men and 6 women aged 65 and older, was selected through intentional (purposive) sampling, specifically employing purposive selection...
|
|
| |
|
|
The effect of forced Ukrainian migration on the labour market in the Czech Republic
Stavarová, Nikola ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
This work aims to analyze the effect of forced migration on the Czech labor market. Specifically, I investigated the possible impact of the wave of refugees on the development of unemployment in localities of the Czech Republic after the outbreak of the war in Ukraine on February 24, 2022. I based the analysis on cross-sectional data at the district level and I added observation for Prague to the dataset. I've had data on unemployment and migration for the 2022-2023 period. I created a model where the dependent variable was the percentage difference in unemployment, which represented its development, and the main explanatory variable was migration. I also added other independent variables for more accurate estimates. I estimated this model using the method of ordinary least squares and I also used the two- stage least squares method due to the assumption of endogenity. As part of the second- mentioned method, I used the instrumental variable of the level of the Ukrainian population from 2018. I statistically tested the endogeneity in the model with the Hausmann test. I also estimated the models on a limited dataset, where I omitted three observations with outliers. I complemented the entire analysis of forced immigration with an analysis of economic migration, which reflected the main research, and...
|
|
|
Users of addictive substances as victims of criminal activities - research among clients and patients of addiction services in Prague
Kosařová, Hana ; Fidesová, Hana (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
Background: The topic of crime is interconnected with substance abuse users. While most studies and statistics focus on primary criminal activities and economically motivated crimes, the chapter on criminal activities committed against clients is underrepresented. Crime victimization statistics are brief, and limited information is available about them. Victimization studies, which provide some information in this field, often exclude substance abuse users, or their substance use is not the subject of inquiry. Literature suggests that victimization of substance abuse users is a complex issue that is linked to many other problems. Objectives: The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to map the prevalence of criminal activities committed against substance abuse users and to examine the relationships between general victim characteristics and the crimes committed against them. Another objective is to determine whether and how often they report these crimes, under what circumstances, and conversely, what obstacles prevent them from reporting. A significant goal is to create at least a rough understanding of the mentioned issues, which could then serve as a foundation for further research and investigation. Methods: The research was conducted using a quantitative questionnaire in paper format. It was...
|
|
|
The use of acupuncture in addiction treatment at the Department of Addictology 1.LF and VFN: the patients' point of view
Kozová, Johana ; Šťastná, Lenka (advisor) ; Hynková, Tereza (referee)
Backround: Acupuncture is classified as complementary and alternative medicine. It is a medical discipline that deals with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of various diseases, including addictive diseases. In foreign clinics, especially in the USA, acupuncture is part of the treatment. According to foreign studies, acupuncture can help reduce cravings, improve coping with unpleasant withdrawal symptoms, reduce stress and anxiety, or improve sleep. Aim: The aim of the diploma thesis is to describe the subjective experiences of acupuncture sessions and their subjective significance in the recovery process. The research questions are focused on the experiences of acupuncture, how the respondents feel the influence of acupuncture on themselves and how this method can be used according to their experience in the treatment of addiction. Methods: A qualitative research method, a semi-structured interview, was chosen for data collection. The research group consists of 5 respondents. An interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to analyze the obtained data, which focuses on understanding the lived experience of a person and helps to examine more closely what meaning a certain person attributes to his experience. Results: The results from interviews with respondents are in the form of themes....
|
|
|
Attitudes of patients towards the smoking ban in inpatient addiction treatment units
Brejchová, Jabira ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
Background: Cigarette smoking is one of the main causes of high mortality and morbidity rates in addiction patients. The prevalence of smoking among patients in addiction treatment is many times higher than in the general population. Addiction treatment centres in the Czech Republic and abroad do not have the same strategy in treating tobacco dependence. The priority for professionals working in addiction treatment centres is the treatment of primary addiction, therefore treating tobacco dependence in the context of treating other addictions is often considered burdensome. Aim: The aim of this bachelor thesis was to describe the experiences and attitudes of patients in inpatient addiction treatment towards smoking prohibition in addiction treatment units. Methods: The research is based on a questionnaire research conducted in six wards of 144 respondents within six wards of the Bohnice Psychiatric Hospital in Prague, Czech Republic. All of these participates were being treated for substance abuse disorder in the Hospital. It is a quantitative research. A questionnaire was used to collect data for the purpose of the bachelor thesis, which patients received in hard copy. The Fargeström nicotine dependence test was used to assess the degree of tobacco dependence. The data in this thesis are analyzed...
|
|
|
Willingness to pay for ski passes in Slovakia
Bakošová, Diana ; Polák, Petr (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the willingness to pay for ski passes of consumers in Slovakia. Ordinal logistic regression is utilized on data collected by a self-developed online questionnaire. The dependent variable, Resort, rep- resents four resort types categorized from the least to the most expensive. The length of a usual ski resort visit in days, the length of the slopes in km, the difficulty of the slopes, the resort's locality, and the option to buy ski passes online were shown to have a positive effect and be statistically significant in the final model. The presence of a ski lift for kids in the resort and the ability to arrive at a resort by car in less than an hour were shown to be statistically significant with a negative effect. The only statistically significant demographic variable was shown to be the consumers' income in thousands of euros with a positive effect. JEL Classification C25, D12, L83, Z32 Keywords Willingness to pay, ski pass, ordinal logistic re- gression, Slovakia Title Willingness to pay for ski passes in Slovakia
|
guest ::
