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Chemical signals and reproductive processes of the house mouse (Mus musculus)
Černá, Martina
The aim of my thesis was to identify proteins involved in chemical communication and especially those that are involved in sexual signalling. Volatile chemical signals are transported with lipocalins in their beta-barrel structure to present their ligands to receptors or out of the body. Thus, I focused on the identification of these proteins in saliva and vaginal secretion of the house mouse using proteomic and transcriptomic approaches. Due to a cyclic manner of reproduction and its hormonal control, I have also focused on the role of estradiol on sperm phenotype in the laboratory mouse. We have identified an elevated sexual dimorphism in several lipocalins (i.e. 10 out of 20) in the saliva proteome where they may play a role in sexual signalling (i.e. similar to their described roles in the mouse urine). Interestingly, vaginal secretion also contains lipocalins and they rise from proestrus to estrus and remain steady during metestrus. Such variation provides evidence that they serve sexual signalling, however, due to their elevated levels during metestrus it is most likely that their ligands function as signals and not the proteins themselves. On the level of sperm phenotype, we have provided evidence, that experimental concentrations of estradiol have differential effects on sperm. This is due...
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Chemical signals and reproductive processes of the house mouse (Mus musculus)
Černá, Martina ; Stopka, Pavel (advisor) ; Petr, Jaroslav (referee) ; Sedláček, Radislav (referee)
The aim of my thesis was to identify proteins involved in chemical communication and especially those that are involved in sexual signalling. Volatile chemical signals are transported with lipocalins in their beta-barrel structure to present their ligands to receptors or out of the body. Thus, I focused on the identification of these proteins in saliva and vaginal secretion of the house mouse using proteomic and transcriptomic approaches. Due to a cyclic manner of reproduction and its hormonal control, I have also focused on the role of estradiol on sperm phenotype in the laboratory mouse. We have identified an elevated sexual dimorphism in several lipocalins (i.e. 10 out of 20) in the saliva proteome where they may play a role in sexual signalling (i.e. similar to their described roles in the mouse urine). Interestingly, vaginal secretion also contains lipocalins and they rise from proestrus to estrus and remain steady during metestrus. Such variation provides evidence that they serve sexual signalling, however, due to their elevated levels during metestrus it is most likely that their ligands function as signals and not the proteins themselves. On the level of sperm phenotype, we have provided evidence, that experimental concentrations of estradiol have differential effects on sperm. This is due...
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Selected aspects of copyright protection of software
Černá, Martina ; Holcová, Irena (advisor) ; Křesťanová, Veronika (referee)
The field of copyright protection of computer programs and resale of a copy of a computer program is not free of many substantial problems which are even supported by a fast technological development and which will probably soon result in substantial revision of both national and international copyright law. This thesis is to analyze and assess selected aspects of copyright protection of computer programs with main focus on resale of a copy of a computer program in both theoretical area and jurisprudence of European and US-American courts. This thesis reflects jurisprudence of the European Court of Justice, German and Dutch courts and court decision available in the USA. The general introduction in the theme and related issues is followed by a thorough analyze of the jurisprudence, including two decisions of the European Court of Justice in the UsedSoft case and related decisions of German courts, as well as the decision in Vernor vs. Autodesk case, which is relevant for the US-American jurisprudence. With the focus on international legal protection of computer programs, which provides the computer programs with the same protection of literary works, a completely new aspect of copyright protection of the computer programs, which is the relation between the legal regulation of resale of immaterial...
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Argentinian, Brazilian and Mexican Discourses in Contemporary Latin American Drama
Černá, Martina ; Christov, Petr (advisor) ; Jandová, Jarmila (referee) ; Volek, Emil (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Filozofická fakulta Katedra divadelní vědy Obecná teorie a dějiny umění a kultury Divadelní věda Argentinské, brazilské a mexické diskurzy v současné latinskoamerické dramatice Argentinian, Brazilian and Mexican Discourses in Contemporary Latin American Drama Discursos argentinos, brasileños y mexicanos en la dramaturgía latinoamericana contemporánea Abstract of the doctoral thesis Mgr. Martina Černá vedoucí práce: Mgr. Petr Christov, PhD. 2011 2 Abstract The thesis Argentinian, Brazilian and Mexican Discourses in Contemporary Latin American Drama deals with the situation in contemporary Latin American theatre on the basis of theatre plays by three contemporary playwrights from Argentina, Brazil and Mexico. This situation is considered not only from the point of view of text analysis, but mainly with respect to the discourses which the authors hold with their readers/spectators on local, national, continental and international levels. The introductory part of the work presents the subject of Latin American identity and describes the criteria how particular playwrights, texts as well as methods and tools for their analysis have been chosen. However, it is important to emphasize that their interpretation is made in the Czech context which is culturally, historically and socially...
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Imitational Capacity of Philologically Oriented Subjects in the Domain of Speech Rhythm
Černá, Martina ; Volín, Jan (advisor) ; Palková, Zdena (referee)
The importance of rhythm for speech communication was recognised by ancient orators. Since the forties of the last century, this phenomenon has become more systematic subject of interest of Speech Sciences and there has been a rapid development in this research area in the last decade. Throughout the years concerned, however, this concept was somewhat hazy due to the context, in which it was used in some studies. This master thesis begins with a selective overview of approaches to given issue in the field of phonetic research, trying to identify their critical moments, noticing used methodology and applicability of outputs in particular. Special attention is paid to the rhythmic aspects of Czech and issues of their description. We also bring a message of selected studies, which have already been made in this respect. The aim of this work lies in the experimental study focused on assessment of philologically oriented students' ability to imitate speech rhythm according to given pattern in following modes - word by word, on the monotone syllable and by tapping. The results confirmed the hypothesis that the imitation accuracy depends on the type of repetition - the overall data show significant differences in terms of the lowest, higher and the highest deviations from the model, respectively. To a...
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Determination of adenosine triphosphate and adenosine diphosphate in real samples
Černá, Martina ; Coufal, Pavel (advisor) ; Zima, Jiří (referee)
The aim of the diploma thesis was to find optimal conditions of high pressure liquid chromatography for the detection and quantification of two common nucleotides, namely adenosine diphosphate and adenosine triphosphate, as well as to perform an analysis of these in real life samples of citrus fruits and plant extracts. Further aim of the project was to determine the limits of detection and quantification of adenosine diphosphate and adenosine triphosphate under the optimized conditions and using these to compare the sensitivity of given detectors. To achieve this HPLC-UV, capillary HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS apparatus were used. With the help of HPLC with UV detection and capillary HPLC with diode array detector, the calibration curves of the mixture of analytes were measured and the limits of detection as well as quantification of adenosine diphosphate and adenosine triphosphate were determined. Separation of the analytes up to the base line using HPLC-UV and capillary HPLC-DAD was achieved under the conditions of ion pairing chromatography. Column C18 was chosen as an appropriate column. The mobile phase included phosphate buffer, acetonitrile and tetrabutylammonium bisulphate as an ion pairing reagent. The separation was performed with gradient elution. Conditions for analysis using LC-MS were...
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Argentinian, Brazilian and Mexican Discourses in Contemporary Latin American Drama
Černá, Martina ; Christov, Petr (advisor) ; Housková, Anna (referee) ; Pšenička, Martin (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Filozofická fakulta Katedra divadelní vědy Obecná teorie a dějiny umění a kultury Divadelní věda Argentinské, brazilské a mexické diskurzy v současné latinskoamerické dramatice Argentinian, Brazilian and Mexican Discourses in Contemporary Latin American Drama Discursos argentinos, brasileños y mexicanos en la dramaturgía latinoamericana contemporánea Abstract of the doctoral thesis Mgr. Martina Černá vedoucí práce: Mgr. Petr Christov, PhD. 2011 2 Abstract The thesis Argentinian, Brazilian and Mexican Discourses in Contemporary Latin American Drama deals with the situation in contemporary Latin American theatre on the basis of theatre plays by three contemporary playwrights from Argentina, Brazil and Mexico. This situation is considered not only from the point of view of text analysis, but mainly with respect to the discourses which the authors hold with their readers/spectators on local, national, continental and international levels. The introductory part of the work presents the subject of Latin American identity and describes the criteria how particular playwrights, texts as well as methods and tools for their analysis have been chosen. However, it is important to emphasize that their interpretation is made in the Czech context which is culturally, historically and socially...
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Lexicon evaluation of Children attending Speech Therapy Clinics
Černá, Martina ; Durdilová, Lucie (advisor) ; Hájková, Vanda (referee)
This thesis deals with lexicon evaluation of children attending speech therapy clinics. Compared to other developed countries, there is no modern standardized vocabulary test in the Czech republic. We assume that under the given conditions, procedures and materials used in individual clinics are more or less different. The mail goal of the work lies in the description of the methods used in the selected clinics. In the theoretical chapters we summarize main theoretical knowledge on vocabulary presented in the literature, both Czech and foreign. The focus of the thesis lies in the qualitative research that was conducted in order to identify particular materials used to assess children's vocabulary and describe them in detail. Research results are not limited to the detailed description of these procedures, but also suggest concrete proposals for follow-up work. Such work should focus especially on beginning a process of creating of a standardized diagnostic material allowing more objective quantification of children's skills in the lexical-semantic field. Then clinical speech therapy would gain instrument through which could be better compared not only performance of particular client at various stages of speech therapy, but also different groups of clients between each other, which would clearly be...
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Analysis of adenosine triphosphate and adenosine diphosphate by HPLC-MS/MS
Černá, Martina ; Coufal, Pavel (advisor) ; Bosáková, Zuzana (referee)
In this bachelor thesis, ADP and ATP samples were analysed and detected with HPLC- MS/MS method. Approximate limit of detection (LOD) for these particular substances were found and their values were compared with the LOD values published in the literature obtained via the same methods and under very similar experimental conditions. Our limits of detection for nucleotides were comparable with the limits described in the literature. Mass spectrometry analysis was performed in the positive and the negative mode of multiple reaction monitoring analysis and electrospray was used for the analyte ionization. The optimal conditions for high performance liquid chromatography of ATP and ADP analysis were acquired on a ZIC - HILIC column with the mobile phase of 75:25 (v/v) acetonitrile / 10 mM ammonium acetate. Ammonium acetate buffer was adjusted to pH of 7.15 and the separation was done under the isocratic elution.
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