National Repository of Grey Literature 471 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Exposure of the Czech population to chlorinated pesticides
Svatošová, Renata ; Černá, Milena (advisor)
The history of life on earth is a history of interactions between organisms and their vivid environment. During the last century greatly increased the ability of a person changing environment and this ability also changed its character.People began to fight against nature by developing a number of chemicals. It turned out that these chemicals on the one hand, help control various pests and parasites, but other hand, have many adverse effects on the environment and living organisms, including humans. Hazardous chemicals are globally widespread. To continuous research that strives to accurately describe their harmful effects.The aim of the present the company is reducing or eliminating production and use of these chemicals. Among the most hazardous chemicals present in our environment are chlorinated pesticides (eg DDT - dichlordifenyltrichlorethan). According to the global Stockholm Convention have been classified as POPs (Persistent Organic Pollutants). Their production and use is mostly disabled and their concentrations are organized monitored. (Http://www.pops.int) In the Czech Republic has selected exposure to toxic substances including chlorinated pesticides monitored in the so-called biological monitoring. Biological monitoring based on the Czech Government Resolution No. 369/1991. The data obtained...
The views of Daniel Adam of Veleslavín on Czechs and foreigners
Černá, Alena M.
The paper is devoted to the views of Daniel Adam of Veleslavín (1546–1599) on the Czechs and foreigners with whom the Czech lands are in contact or who they know from the available literature. These are mainly Germans, Italians and Poles, but attention is also paid to peoples who pose a real or potential threat to the Czech lands (Turks and Russians). Veleslavín judges that the old Czechs possessed good qualities (bravery, faith in God, reliability, respect for order and laws), but that they lost these qualities through contact with foreign nations. They concentrate more on secular pleasures and slacken their concern for the nation and the homeland. The material base for the paper was the Czech written prefaces to the works that Veleslavín prepared for publication in 1578–1599.
Role of antibodies against HLA and non HLA antigens for organ transplantation.
Svobodová, Eva ; Slavčev, Antonij (advisor) ; Mrázek, František (referee) ; Černá, Marie (referee)
Rejection is a significant complication after transplantation and one of the main reasons for loss of graft function. It is triggered by the response of the organ recipient's immune system based on the recognition of mismatched HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigens) and non-HLA antigens of the donor. All components of the immune system participate in this process, and according to the predominance of individual reactions, rejection can be divided into T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR) and antibody-mediated rejection (AMR). Rejection can develop immediately after transplantation in an acute form, or as a chronic form during several to tens of years after transplantation. The diagnosis of rejection is determined according to the clinical status, laboratory tests (including the detection of donor-specific antibodies, DSA) and histological findings in biopsies. The knowledge of validated gene expressions from the molecular microscope (MMDX) and other diagnostic tests has been recently applied. Individual phenotypes of rejection are evaluated and revised according to the international pathological classification. This work focuses on the analysis of immunological factors in relation to T-cell and antibody- mediated rejection after organ transplantation. The thesis deals with the determination of DSA in relation...
The effect of maternal nutrition on the newborn genome methylation
Pavlíková, Jitka ; Rössner, Pavel (advisor) ; Černá, Marie (referee) ; Hlaváč, Viktor (referee)
The maternal diet during pregnancy is an important factor involved in the epigenetic programming of the offspring. In addition to the nutritional aspect, the epigenome is also influenced by possible contaminating substances that may occur in the diet of pregnant women. An important group of these potential contaminants are persistent organic pollutants, which are compounds of mostly anthropogenic origin that persist in the environment for a long time, become part of food chains, and some of them accumulate in living organisms. These substances are being monitored for their adverse effects on organisms, and the use of some of them has already been banned or at least significantly restricted. The aim of this work was to find out whether the quality of the diet of pregnant women in the Czech Republic differs in terms of nutrition and contamination with persistent organic pollutants so much that these differences can be reflected in the methylome of newborns. The diet quality of 49 pregnant women from the Karviná and České Budějovice regions was analyzed. During the last month of pregnancy, these women recorded in detail all the food they ate for one week and at the same time collected a quarter of this food in boxes (one box for one day). Information on the quantity and quality of the diet was...
"Legs apart as the tide came in": Fluid Sexual Personae of Ann Quin
Černá, Michaela ; Vichnar, David (advisor) ; Armand, Louis (referee)
This thesis focuses on the "sexual personae" in the oeuvre of the British novelist Ann Quin. The aim of the thesis is to map out a basic overview of the types of characters appearing throughout the author's work, point out the significant patterns involved in their construction and the approach to these figures. The analysis draws from the arguments maintained in the research regarding this author so far, and works of psychoanalysis, especially the oeuvre of Sigmund Freud since his works contain analyses of the phenomena discussed in relation to the characters observed in this thesis, and other texts influenced by psychoanalysis. The analysis follows four thematic spheres significant in the works of Ann Quin: the family environment, gender roles, triangular relationships and violence. These thematic circles significantly shape the archetypal nature of Quin's characters. The thesis indicates the resurfacing attributes "typifying" Quin's characters in the context of sexuality, and also attempts to provide a comparative reflection of these "personae." KEY WORDS Ann Quin, sexuality, persona, British literature, 1960s, experimental woman writer
Mechanisms of antigen presentation in the etiopathogenesis of celiac disease
Hudec, Michael ; Černá, Marie (advisor) ; Hrdý, Jiří (referee) ; Slavčev, Antonij (referee)
1 ABSTRACT Celiac disease (CeD) is a chronic autoimmune disease that develops as a response of the immune system to the presence of gluten in the small intestine. CeD is manifested not only by classic intestinal symptoms: abdominal pain, constipation or diarrhea, as well as complex less common symptoms: anemia, osteoporosis, psychiatric disorders or menstrual cycle disorders. HLA risk alleles predisposing to origin of celiac disease are HLA-DQ2 (DQA1*05:01 / DQB1*02:01) and HLA-DQ8 (DQA1*03:01 / DQB1*03:02). There are other celiac disease-associated polymorphisms outside of HLA locus (6p21.3) that are located in 5q32 and 19p13 regions with unclear connection to CeD development. HLA class II glycoproteins are expressed on antigen presenting cells (APC) that include dendritic cells, macrophages and B cells. Monocytes are one of several possible dendritic cell precursors that circulate in the bloodstream. Deviations in the frequency of intermediate monocytes are directly associated with autoimmune disorders such as Crohn's disease or rheumatoid arthritis. It is known that the monocytes of CeD patients show pro-inflammatory reaction in the presence of gluten. It means that, in the context of CeD, the response to gluten arises earlier than the activation of gluten-specific T cells. The conventional way of direct...
Salerno verses published by Daniel Adam of Veleslavín
Černá, Alena M.
The article is devoted to a medical didactic poem on the preservation of health Regimen sanitatis Salernitanum, which is known as Salerno verses, published by Daniel Adam of Veleslavín in 1587. The original Latin verses were translated into national languages from the Middle Ages. We deal with the question of whether one of the Czech translations was prepared by Daniel Adam of Veleslavín and what is the relation of the translation from 1587 to the older translation from 1584. We lay special attention to the characteristics of the Czech language of Veleslavín's edition.
Způsoby hodnocení stresu u koní
ČERNÁ, Michaela
This bachelor's thesis deals with the currently highly addressed issues in horse bree-ding, which is stress. It can be caused by a number of causes and lead to a number of undesirable consequences. These can adversely affect the health, performance or behavior of the animals. Therefore, this is a very important topic for horse breeders. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to write available current information about horse stress and select appropriate methods for its evaluation. The following proce-dures were chosen: heart rate, cortisol levels, body temperature and eye temperatu-re. The observation included 3 individuals who were integrated into the new herd. The most effective way to evaluate the degree of tremor in the incorporation of horses into a new herd was to measure the temperature of the eye using a thermal camera. Within 3 days, the value of the eye temperature dropped from 35.5 °C to 31.6 °C. An invasive and accurate method for determining stress in horses was found-free determination of blood cortisol concentrations, which were recorded at 64.3 nmol / l, 29.7 nmol / l when collected at 17:00 and 149 nmol / l when collected at 10:00. The morning time proved to be more suitable for blood collection to assess the degree of stress. Heart rate was recorded as normal (36 bpm, 44 bpm) and did not reflect the stress response. Rectal temperature measurement has proven difficult to perform in horses in a new environment and under stress. Eye temperature measurement proved to be the most accurate method for asses-sing stress in horses and blood cortisol levels, which is more suitable for scientific purposes. However, the goal of every breeder should be to try to prevent stressful situations, especially by fulfilling the welafre in horse breeding.

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