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The Use of Separation Methods for the Study of Selected Drugs and Pesticides in Water
Burešová, Jitka ; Hajšlová, Jana (referee) ; Chýlková, Jaromíra (referee) ; Kráčmar, Stanislav (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
This work is focused on the study of penetration of pesticides and pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment. The aim was to develop and verify the optimal method for long-term monitoring of the occurrence of selected pesticides and pharmaceuticals in surface waters. Two frequently used analgesics ibuprofen and diclofenac, and carbamazepine that is used to treat epilepsy, were chosen from the group of drugs. A group of 41 pesticides were selected for monitoring too. The attention was focused on a group of urea pesticides and phenoxyacetic acids, as well as on selected pesticides falling to the group of priority substances or identified as environmental quality standards. Some of pesticides were selected because their consumption in the Czech Republic exceeds 30 tons a year. Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC / MS / MS) was used for the determination of selected analytes in surface waters. Two optimized analytical method were developed. Ten analytes were determined in negative ion mode and 34 analytes in positive ion mode. Solid phase extraction (SPE) was used for purification and concentration of the samples. Developed methodology was validated and used for monitoring of selected compounds in samples of surface waters from the Morava River basin. Samples were collected on the rivers Morava and Svratka monthly for two years. Samples from the river Blata and stream Nivnička were collected for one year. Surface water samples were also collected from the river Litava. Four samples were taken throughout the length of the flow during one day. Smaller streams were chosen for monitoring because of the probability of occurrence of pesticides. They flow abundantly agriculturally cultivated areas. Drugs ibuprofen and diclofenac were detected in all taken samples, carbamazepine mostly. Among the most commonly occurring pesticides were bentazon, diuron, isoproturon, carbendazim, MCPA, MCPP, propiconazole, tebuconazole and 2,4-D.
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The Usage of Separation Methods for Research of Biologically Active Substances in Waters
Vydrová, Lucie ; Friedl, Zdeněk (referee) ; Opatřilová, Radka (referee) ; Chýlková,, Jaromíra (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
Pharmaceuticals are biological active compounds with different functional groups, physico-chemical and biological properties. These chemical compounds are called as “new contaminants” which cumulate in various environmental components. These contaminants input to environment from industrial processes, hospitals and health care institutions or household sources and these pollutants can to negatively interact with environmental components. Pharmaceuticals are separated according to structure and their effects to live organisms. On the basis of drug consumption in Czech Republic the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the most using pharmaceuticals, because these drugs can be obtain without prescriptions. The choosing analgesics for study were monitored in waste water from waste waters treatment plant (WWTP Brno – Modřice) and in surface water from two sampling sites of river Kretinka. Pharmaceuticals were monitored in surface waters in Czech Republic, in Scotland (river Thurso) and in Taiwan (river Erren, Agongdian, Yanshuei and canal of Tainan) Solid phase extraction (SPE) is used for extraction of study pharmaceutical from water system. The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with diode array detection or mass spectrometry was used for determination of drugs in surface waters from Czech Republic. The water samples from Scotland and Taiwan were analysed and the high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) was used for determination of pharmaceuticals. The method of HPLC/MS enables the determination of study compounds in the very low range of concentrations (ng ? l-1). All monitored pharmaceuticals were identified and quantified in water samples from river Kretinka in Czech Republic, river Thurso (Scotland) and rivers Erren, Agongdian, Yanshuei and canal of Tainan in Taiwan and the obtained data were compared.
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Statistical models for capital models of insurance companies
Švagerková, Lýdia ; Šimurda, Miroslav (advisor) ; Mazurová, Lucie (referee)
This work deals with the topic of lapse rate modelling in the field of Life Insurance. First, the theoretical apparatus is established: the linear models and their extension, generalized linear models. Furthermore, we describe the process of model selection and evaluation. In the second part of this work we describe the influence of various individual as well as macroeconomical parameters on the lapse rate. We summarize the findings of previous works in this field. The last part introduces models in statistical software R based on generalized linear models and describes the process of their selection and evaluation. Outputs from these models are interpreted and compared to the ratio analysis results.
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Rationality of the Debtor
Procházka, Ivan ; Tuček, Milan (advisor) ; Kuchař, Pavel (referee)
This work deals with the indebtedness of consumers. It examines the causes of the debotrs themselves. Based on a secondary analysis of past research in the area of financial literacy, consumer behavior, statistical data, but also of qualitative research in the form of case study seeks to answer the question why the debtor becomes the debtor, the extent to which the indebtedness and indebtedness viewed as rational behavior but also if the debtor is accompanied by rational reasoning or irrational behavior. It concludes that the debtor can not be considered entirely rational. Applied policy then the issue of over-indebtedness problem takes into account the irrational assumptions by the debtor only marginally and does not reflect as one of its main causes.
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Causes and consequences of heavy households indebtedness
Procházka, Ivan ; Tuček, Milan (advisor) ; NÁHRADNÍ, OPONENT (referee)
Bachelor thesis Causes and consequences ofheavy household indebtedness deals over the issue of indebtedness of households in the Czech Republic. Finding the causes and examines the implications of this present phenomenon. The first part defines the trend of household heavy indebtedness, which is almost ten years, an upward trend, and that brings along the risk of insolvency. Furthermore, looking over and defines the causes household indebtedness. To this purpose, using an analysis of various stakeholders of this phenomenon. For each of them analyzes its interests, behavior, the relationship with other stakeholders, but also the possibility of interference with the issue. Finally, it summarizes all the findings and describes the interaction between various stakeholders.
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Vlivy běžných pesticidů na necílové organizmy
Bystřická, Lucie
The aim of my bachelor thesis was to develop a literary review on the effects of common pesticides on non-target organisms. The first part is focused on pesticides, their basic division, toxicity and effects. The second part of the thesis deals with non-target organisms in general and about the action of pesticides on non-target organisms, which are divided into non-target organisms in the form of plants, animals and humans. At the end of the thesis there is a separate chapter on the action of pesticides on spiders, which deals with the direct and indirect effects of pesticides on non-target organisms in the form of spiders.
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Honey selected quality changes depending on the different ways of feeding of honeybee
HRADILOVÁ, Kristina
The goal of my thesis is to describe how external environmental factors influence beehives with regards to impacts on the quality of honey. The first part classifies various types of honeys and their qualitative characteristics in connection to their physical and chemical properties. The second part continues with description of bee pasture throughout the year and description of distinctive properties of certain monofloral honeys. Further, I am focusing on the issues of pesticide residue, medical substances and heavy metals in honey.
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Rationality of the Debtor
Procházka, Ivan ; Tuček, Milan (advisor) ; Kuchař, Pavel (referee)
This work deals with the indebtedness of consumers. It examines the causes of the debotrs themselves. Based on a secondary analysis of past research in the area of financial literacy, consumer behavior, statistical data, but also of qualitative research in the form of case study seeks to answer the question why the debtor becomes the debtor, the extent to which the indebtedness and indebtedness viewed as rational behavior but also if the debtor is accompanied by rational reasoning or irrational behavior. It concludes that the debtor can not be considered entirely rational. Applied policy then the issue of over-indebtedness problem takes into account the irrational assumptions by the debtor only marginally and does not reflect as one of its main causes.
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Rationality of the Debtor
Procházka, Ivan ; Tuček, Milan (advisor) ; Kuchař, Pavel (referee)
This work deals with the indebtedness of consumers. It examines the causes of the debotrs themselves. Based on a secondary analysis of past research in the area of financial literacy, consumer behavior, statistical data, but also of qualitative research in the form of case study seeks to answer the question why the debtor becomes the debtor, the extent to which the indebtedness and indebtedness viewed as rational behavior but also if the debtor is accompanied by rational reasoning or irrational behavior. It concludes that the debtor can not be considered entirely rational. Applied policy then the issue of over-indebtedness problem takes into account the irrational assumptions by the debtor only marginally and does not reflect as one of its main causes.
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Quality of honey depending on processing technology
Fejt, Jaroslav ; Bušová, Milena (advisor) ; Luboš, Luboš (referee)
This diploma thesis is aimed at assessing the impact of using multiple technologies or practices on the quality of honey. The theoretical part includes a summary of the main methods currently used for assessing the quality of honey and/or establishing its origin. The suitability of the selected apicultural (beekeeping) technology, apiary placement, handling bee honeycombs and facilities for extraction of honey present the first condition for obtaining quality honey without pesticides, air pollutant microparticles, hazardous elements, microorganisms, volatile pollutants of coating substances, antibiotics, drugs used against varroa destructor parasites and their residues. There are mentioned all the known bactericidal and bacteriostatic properties of honey to help preserve its natural quality features without degrading changes.
In the practical part there are two groups of honey samples collected from own hives in 2015. Those were sent for analysis to the Institute of beekeeping in Dol (Czech Republic). In 2016, ten samples from beekeepers and ten from retail markets were used. Their partial analysis was carried out at the Department of Agricultural Product Quality. The samples were obtained in a conventional manner using modern honey extractors and in the second case by pressing. The above mentioned samples were tested for water content, HMF, conductivity, glucose, fructose, sucrose, starch and caramel colorants, titration factor, Fiehe´s honey violation by starch sugar or sweetener.
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