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Improvised explosive devices and their threat for the population
MAIRYCH, Michal
Improvised explosive device (IED), for many a meaningless set of three words, but for professionals who deal with this issue it is a concept related to absolute threat and a significant danger that is not only an emergency situation but also a global problem. IED is a weapon that has become a sheer standard and the most frequently used lethal means in most armed conflicts and wars of drug cartels. However, people do not realize these systems are the destructive agents that destroy houses, tear cars apart and kill people in terrorist attacks. Maybe some people are not familiar with the name - IED, but I am sure that they know the title - which is used by the media. They call it bombings. As I mentioned before, the IED is the biggest killer in today's wars, where the debit attributed not only hundreds or thousands of the dead, wounded and maimed soldiers of the coalition forces but also the bringer of death for dozens of thousands of innocent civilian casualties. IEDs are not only a phenomenon associated with armed conflicts, wars, drug cartels, guerrilla insurgents practices at various locations around the world and a way of terrorist violence, but also means exploited by individuals or groups to commit crime. In the Czech Republic, we can come across with other nomenclature where the professional literature for training of the police bomb squad of the Czech Republic mentions explosive booby traps (hereinafter NVS), and after a few years yet another term appears - an improvised explosive device (hereinafter IVP). In this thesis, however, for the purpose of familiarization with international terminology I will use international names, terms, abbreviations and translations. At the beginning of this thesis, I will briefly deal with the term of IEDs, what they present and what kind of forces should deal with them in the Czech Republic and dismantle them at our homeland or abroad. Furthermore, I present what the subject of this research is. In the theoretical part, I try to draw the reader into a bit of history and to highlight some of the time periods, facts and information that provide a better view and easier understanding of some topics related to the IED. And in a nutshell, I introduce some terrorist and insurgent groups and their way they have been using IEDs in their fight, why and what this usage has brought. Later in this chapter, I mention the basic concepts and their explanations that appear in the thesis. For better understanding I introduce the construction of IED. I describe various basic components of these systems (switch, initiator, power source, main charge, container and enhancement), their categories, types, their description, what they are for, what are the advantages or disadvantages and what kind of IED types they are associated with. In the last section of this chapter I describe specific types of IEDs, I mention their representatives and I describe in detail those that currently pose the greatest threat. I also present categories and types of IED incidents, which the EOD Service of the Police of the Czech Republic (hereinafter PS PČR) and EOD units in the Army of the Czech Republic (hereinafter EOD AČR) have been dealing with.
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Everyday spatial mobility of people in the region ORP Blatná: patterns of individual mobility and their study using modern geoinformation technologies
KVĚTOŇ, Tomáš
This bachelor thesis evalues the everyday spatial mobility of population in the selected region of the Czech Republic, in this case ORP Blatná using two methods. Substantial part of the work is based on a questionnaire surfy. Data obtained by GPS dogger monitoring was also used. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the analysis of literature on time geografy, modern geoinformation technologies, migration and transport behavior of Czech Republic inhabitants. In the metodology the conditions and kriteria are given for the selection of municipalities, of which research respondents comes in and, not least, the very choice of respondents. Then follows a surfy and evaluation. Behavioral characteristics were obtained from the movement data of the population during selected days of surveillance. Evaluation of the results wased based on predetermined rules. Rules identity the factors that are considered by the specialized literature for stimuli affecting the movement of people during the day. Among the stimuli shaping human movement during the day can mention age, type of employment, type of transport, purpose of travel, etc. The results are interpreted for the categories of the population by sex, age, then the intermediate objectives for groups differing in place of domicile and the monthly income. The thesis is also trying to trace the reasons for different behavior of inhabitants in the same categories. The conclusion summarizes all the knowledge and interpretation of results and differences between population groups.
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Historical and geographical aspects of population development in the town of Strakonice
KLUČKA, Štěpán
This thesis examines historical and geographical aspects of the long-term population development in the city of Strakonice. The monitored town has evolved very specifically throughout it's history. The entire population development in the city of Strakonice is compared to other selected towns in this thesis. The research is mainly related to the period from 19th century to the present. The study is composed of an introduction explaining its principle objectives and initial hypothesis. The next chapter depicts basic characteristics of the geographical and historical development of Strakonice and other units. The related analytical part of thesis deals with searching for the causes of differences in selected towns and their comparison in defined stages. The synthetic part summarizes the most significant aspects and specific characteristics of population development in selected towns and makes a conclusion to indicate possible future situation. The final section summarizes the results and benefits of work. The whole thesis is accompanied by graphs and map outputs.
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Historical-geographical aspects of population development of the town of Polná
ZIKMUNDOVÁ, Petra
Bachelor thesis deals with the historical-geographical aspects of population development of the town of Polná. Polná is compared with the development of selected cities of region Vysočina the emphasis is put on the period of industrialization. Introduction contains a set of goals, hypotheses, structure and concept of work. Followed by methodology of work and discussion with literature and with in the past appeared works on this topic. The basis of the thesis consists of three chapters. The first section introduces the geographical and historical characteristics of Polná. The following part contains an analysis of population development, explanation in terms of specifying determinants and causality of population development of Polná and other monitored cities. Afterwards, all cities are mutually compared in the specified periods. The fifth chapter devotes to the synthesis of discovered findings in the preceding text and generalization of long-term trends, tendencies of population development and clarification of the differentiation of cities in the region. It summarizes the main aspects of developments and tries to predict the future progress of the population development of cities. The final part summarizes the results, deals with verifying the hypotheses and the achievement of the goals defined in the introduction. The thesis includes lists of used literature and resources, graphs, charts and maps.
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Historical-geographical aspects of the population development of the town of Sušice
KOVÁRNOVÁ, Pavlína
This bachelor thesis deals with the historical and geographical aspects of population development of Susice. Subsequently, the population development Sušice compared with other selected municipalities. The main emphasis is on the period of the Industrial Revolution, World War II and the current population status. In the introduction are set out the main objectives of this work and there are also outlined basic hypotheses. Subsequently, the work deals with the characteristics of Susice (physical-geographic location, socio-geographic characteristics and historical development of Susice). The following chapter is of special importance, as it deals with the population development analysis of the town Sušice. This section contains a population development analysis of the individual towns, which is then compared to that of several selected municipalities. The synthetic part differentiates among the towns based on the findings from the analytical section. The conclusion offers a summary of the major findings and proposes a population projection. A verification of the hypotheses will be made based on the results of the analysis. The entire bachelor thesis is supplemented by maps, tables and graphs.
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Development of settlement and inhabitants of Lipno region before the dam construction
KOUBOVÁ, Jolana
The thesis deals with the settlement and inhabitants development in Lipno region within the frame of historical geographyy. The introduction part is focused on geographical description of the examined region and its demarcation. Further chapters are focused on space structures of inhabitants, the timeline and other geographical and histrorical connections and linkage. Final part of the thesis is dedicated to settlement changes created by the construction and existence of the Lipno dam. The target of the thesis is to provide a complex view to the settlement development in the region in context of development of inhabitants and geographical and historical changes happening in the region. The bachelor thesis has been procesed according to the archive materials, field research, historical and recent maps, cadastral maps and aerial photographs. GIS ? geographical information system has also been used while creating the thesis.
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