|
|
The impact of COVID-19 on election outcomes: The case of the Czech Republic
Válek, Vojtěch ; Pertold-Gebicka, Barbara (advisor) ; Mošovský, Jan (referee)
This thesis examines the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and the election results in the 2021 parliamentary elections in the Czech Republic. Voter turnout together with the results of several political parties is analyzed at the district level. First, the election results of 2021 are examined separately using OLS regression, heteroskedasticity is not detected in the model. A panel dataset is then created, which also includes election results from 2013 and 2017. Based on the results of the Hausman test, the fxed efects method is used to analyze the panel data, and the frst-diferencing method is used as well for comparison. Pairs of years are then analyzed with the use of frst-diferencing, when the results are frst estimated without 2013, and then without 2017. The results of the analysis mainly show a signifcant relationship between the number of infected people and the results of individual political parties. While for political party ANO this relationship is negative, it is rather positive for the other political parties. The second dependent variable of interest is the number of deaths related to COVID-19. In this case, the results of the analysis do not indicate a signifcant connection with the election results. 1
|
|
|
Determinants of Induced Abortion in Selected European Countries
Michálková, Tereza ; Chytilová, Julie (advisor) ; Chorna, Olena (referee)
The thesis scrutinizes potential impacts of various socio-economic determ- inants on the legally induced abortions in Europe by examining a sample of 15 European countries for the 2007-2017 period. For the panel data re- gression, fixed effects estimation and random effects estimation, both with the Newey-West robust standard errors, are applied and compared with the Hausman test. The significant results generally correspond to the pre- vious studies. Specifically, both crude divorce rate and female unemploy- ment propose a positive impact on abortions and crude birth rate influences abortions negatively. The only exception opposing the previous studies is the female tertiary education that signals substantial negative impact on abortions in the context of European countries. In addition, the thesis in- troduces new economic variables to the topic of abortions (social benefits, GDP growth rate, GDP per capita and political stability index). Nonethe- less, except for the positive effect of GDP per capita on abortions, the other economic variables did not appear to be significant in the preferred models. Keywords Abortion ratio, legally induced abortions, socio-economic determinants, fixed effects, random effects, European countries.
|
|
|
Estimates of the role of non-tariff measures in trade between CZE/EU and Japan
Srna, Jan ; Semerák, Vilém (advisor) ; Palanský, Miroslav (referee)
Japan and the European Union negotiated and ratified an agreement about free-trade area that came into effect in January 2019. There haven't been enough data for Japan and the Czech Republic to show the actual impact yet. Gravity model is a useful tool for international trade that can be used to estimate the effect. Various types of methods are used for estimation. The main ones used here in this paper are Random effects and Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimator. According to PPML model, the impact of the treaty is expected to be 57.3% increase of imports. The model shows positive trade potential for Japan and the Czech Republic. Especially for Japan there is a large gap between model prediction and actual values which means a small trade creation is expected. However, the most of the increasement of bilateral trade should be originated from trade diversion.
|
|
|
Does money laundering determine the direction of FDI?
Gjika, Rubi ; Paulus, Michal (advisor) ; Janský, Petr (referee)
Does money laundering determine the direction of FDI? Rubi Gjika The goal of this thesis is to investigate the relationship of FDI and money laundering through a Gravity model approach. Overall empirical results of the thesis suggest that FDI originating from highly developed European economies are insensitive to money laundering motives. However, its findings diverge only for developed destination countries and they suggest that for this group, jurisdictions officially listed as money laundering centers attract significantly more FDI stocks than other countries.
|
|
|
Analysis of Variance with Random Effects
Hamerníková, Iva ; Komárek, Arnošt (advisor) ; Pešta, Michal (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to describe and derive the test of analysis of variance with random effects. At first we introduce a summary of results from the theory of probability which will be important in future derivations. Then we define the one-way classification model with fixed effects and propose the test statistics to test the equality of group means. In the following part we define the one-way classification model with random effects and derive properties of observations in this model. Under the assumption of balanced data we define sums of squares and derive their properties, which allow us to use them to create the test statistic. Finally we will use simulations in R to verify whether the ANOVA test with random effects observes the significance level when normality assumptions are violated.
|
|
|
Analysis of the impact of Retail bank’s price-setting policy change
Lehocký, Dominik ; Zouhar, Jan (advisor) ; Dlouhá, Zuzana (referee)
The environment of low interest rates results in a sharp competition in the banking industry. To stay competitive, banks must be able to respond to rival offers practically immediately. For this purpose, so-called price exceptions are being used. Their use, however, results in a large amount of administrative burden. To alleviate this administrative burden, the bankers were given some competencies regarding pricing. There is a concern, however that this change may be accepted as a flat-rate price cut. It is for this reason that it is necessary to analyse on real data how this change in the internal policy of Retail Bank is manifested. The problem, however, is that there are several factors that cannot always be recorded in the process of data collection. This is precisely why this analysis estimates the impact of new competences using multilevel models. These allow for a certain form of variability for specific groups of observations and consider the presence of unattended factors.
|
|
|
Determinants of foreign direct investment inflows to China: A Gravity Model Approach
Řezáč, Michal ; Semerák, Vilém (advisor) ; Břízová, Pavla (referee)
The main ambition of this thesis is the analysis of factors determining Chinese foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows with special focus on evaluating of the role of Chinese institutional framework in this process. Empirical part of the thesis employs random effects method as the main tool for estimation of FDI gravity model. The data set consists of observations of 189 source countries over the 1995-2011 period. The results suggest relatively low sensitivity of the source countries to the institutional factors. Besides the traditional FDI determinants such as gravity variables or cultural ties, the quality of property rights protection, tax burden imposed by government, and investment flow restrictions are found out to be important factors of Chinese FDI inflows. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
|
Determinants of Austrian International Trade: Econometric Analysis Based on the Gravity Model
Davidová, Lucie ; Benáček, Vladimír (advisor) ; Hrbek, Pavel (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is to examine Austrian foreign trade and estimate this country's export function. The analysis is based on the gravity model in trade in log-log form, augmented by additional variables (adjacency, REER, institutional indices, etc.). Our panel dataset consists of 3396 observations of Austrian exports to 211 countries over the period of 1995-2011. First, we examine main export partners and SITC articles and we come to a conclusion that Austria is heavily oriented to Germany and SITC 7 (machinery and transport equipment). We employ FE and RE as estimation techniques and distinguish between them according to the Hausman test. We emphasise that panel data structure does matter and estimate the gravity equation twice - once as 17 cross sections and then as 211 time series. The most important determinants appear to be domestic and partner's GDP, bilateral distance, adjacency and a country being landlocked. Subsequently, we give different techniques to deal with zero and missing observations, and calculate relative trade potential realisation for year 2011. Most of the top-ten export partners seem to be over their potential.
|
|
|
The Impact of Migration on Economic Growth
Jančíková, Denisa ; Cahlík, Tomáš (advisor) ; Formánek, Tomáš (referee)
Human migration, the movement of people from one place to another with intention of settling there temporarily or permanently, is an integral part of development of human society. The beginning of the Industrial Revolution in late 18th century has resulted in economic growth and improvement of living standards. Countries, in which was industrialisation most intense attracted most immigrants. Second wave of migration was in second half of 20th century caused by development of communication technologies, which gave opportunities to less developed countries improve their economic development. This diploma thesis is aimed exactly on this period. Its goal is to research the impact of migration on economic growth and find out if the flow of migrants is beneficial for the economy or the exact opposite. The impact is examined by regression analysis on panel data for almost 200 hundred countries from whole world for time period 1955-2004.
|
|
|
Analysis of the determinants of amount of services ordered by clients of non-profit organization called Oblastní charita Strakonice
Turková, Kateřina ; Brožová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Babin, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyses the impact of selected factors on the amount of food delivery services ordered by 81 clients of non-profit organization called Oblastní charita Strakonice during the period from 1. 11. 2013 to 30. 10. 2014. Based on analysis by random effect method, the thesis confirms correlation of monthly number of ordered services with two explanatory variables: number of household members and grade of care subsidy. The analysis implies that increase of number of household members by one member leads to decrease of monthly number of ordered services by 2-3 tasks. On the other hand, increase of grade of care subsidy by one grade leads to increase of monthly number of ordered services by approximately two tasks. Other factors included to the models are not correlated with explained variable at level below alpha = 0, 1. Findings mentioned above are consistent with information said in the theoretical part of my thesis.
|
guest ::
