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Czechoslovak newsreels from the perspective of social transformation (1989-1990)
Černý, Ondřej ; Lokšík, Martin (advisor) ; Moravec, Václav (referee)
This thesis deals with the end of film news in Czechoslovakia, which was realized in the form of film weekly newsreels until 1990. In the first part I define film news from the theoretical and terminological point of view and try to describe its specifics. I then explain its birth and the production of newsreel films on our country's territory, from its beginnings before the First World War until the fall of the communist regime in Czechoslovakia and the establishment of democracy, which ended the continuous, state- subsidized and controlled production of regularly published weeklies. In the second, practical part, I use the method of qualitative content analysis to examine the form and thematic framework of the weekly newsreels produced in 1989, when a new concept of film reporting focused on the so-called magazines began to take effect, and in 1990, the year Czechoslovakia entered the democratic process. My aim is to find out what was the role of weekly newsreels as a means of socialist propaganda and a channel of social criticism in the first, revolutionary year and how they changed in the second, democratic year. Although they were no longer bound by ideology, the end of the state film monopoly brought an end to their financial support and power protection, which led to an early end of their...
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Stalinist Period in Czechoslovakia - Its Interpretation and Teaching in Secondary Education
Hána, Petr ; Jirásková, Věra (referee) ; Havlůjová, Hana (referee)
1950s may be classified as one of the worst periods in Czechoslovakia's history. The totalitarian communist regime in the period between 1948 and 1953 is called the Stalinism. The primary objective hereof was to evaluate teaching about the Stalinism period in Czechoslovakia in secondary schools, in particular, to assess the scope of correctness and completeness of the related curriculum and teaching methods. The secondary objective hereof was to introduce and describe the Stalinism as a typical example of totalitarianism and to define crucial elements of this non-democratic form of government using the example of Czechoslovakia from 1948 to 1953. The thesis proceeds from the theoretical part via a case study to the practical part. The first part classifies totalitarianism, defines its historical outset and determines its main features. The second chapter describes and explains the Stalinism, which is a typical example of totalitarianism having functioned in practice in the Soviet Union from where it spread to the majority of the Communist countries, including Czechoslovakia. The third chapter explains the practical application of the Stalinism elements and methods used to control a society according to the Soviet model using the example of Czechoslovakia from 1948 to 1953. The practical part hereof focuses...
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Formation of Pro-Russian Sentiment in Belarus and Serbia during the Russian Invasion of Ukraine
Rjazanova, Julie ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Solovyeva, Anzhelika (referee)
This thesis examines how Russia uses propaganda to build alliances with Serbia and Belarus in order to expand its influence and mobilize support. The study investigates the specific narratives and messages employed online focusing on how they shape public opinion and create a positive perception of Russia within the targeted countries. To get practical insights into the subject, the content analysis chosen as a research method for the thesis focuses on the content of selected media outlets in each studied country. In this context, the formation of pro-Russian sentiment is viewed as a social movement seeking social change. The thesis also incorporates the concept of hybrid warfare, which offers valuable insights into contemporary Russian strategic thinking and security challenges.
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Comparative analysis of differences between western and eastern news outlets reporting on the Russian invasion of Ukraine
Neumann, Jakub ; Koblovský, Petr (advisor) ; Shavit, Anna (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the analysis of the rhetoric of the Izvestia media in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Based on a careful examination and critical analysis of the articles examined, this bachelor's thesis compares and contrasts the ways in which Western and Eastern media outlets have dealt with this conflict, especially in light of their news interests and propaganda. It then goes on to map which narratives the Izvestia media use and which are most common in their articles. The results show the frequent use of false or misleading claims by the news outlet Izvestia. They also show the different portrayal of reality between Western and Eastern media in specific analyzed articles.
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Analysis of the Sunday Columns of České Slovo and Venkov in Selected Years
Málek, Michal ; Köpplová, Barbara (advisor) ; Cebe, Jan (referee)
The diploma thesis Analysis of the Sunday Columns of České Slovo and Venkov in Selected Years is devoted to the analysis of sunday supplements and columns of the daily newspapers České slovo and Venkov in 1933 and 1943. The aim of the thesis was to find out what these supplements and columns looked like, what topics they dealt with, what their character was and how they changed in the selected time horizon and historical context. A content analysis of the sunday newspaper columns and supplements was used to determine what these columns looked like, what their structure was, and what topics they covered. The analysis itself always included the first sunday edition of each month from 1933 and 1943. The analysis also showed that the sunday columns and supplements of both newspapers had an entertainment function and provided readers with mainly relaxing reading in the form of fiction and interest or popular science columns. In addition, it was found that these sunday columns were also largely aimed at women and children, to whom separate supplements and columns were devoted. The diploma thesis also explains how the different political focus of the two newspapers was reflected in these sunday supplements and how this content were affected by propaganda during the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia.
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"Katolická akce" as a tool of communist propaganda for christians in Czechoslovakia in 1949-1951
Zindulková, Magdalena ; Suk, Pavel (advisor) ; Groman, Martin (referee)
The aim of this thesis is to show the specific elements of propaganda that the communist regime used to speak to Christians in Czechoslovakia in the years 1949- 1951 using the so-called Catholic Action. This movement was a tool of the communist regime that wanted to subjugate the Catholic Church and use it for its own purposes. Catholic Action was artificially maintained for almost two years and used in the press primarily as a supposed mouthpiece for all Catholics. Eventually, it disappeared from the pages of the newspapers. This thesis describes selected elements of propaganda using specific examples from periodicals of the time. The results can help us to gain insight into the mindset of the former communist regime.
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Elements of Propaganda in the Image of the Chernobyl Disaster in Czechoslovak Press
Vladyka, Tomáš ; Suk, Pavel (advisor) ; Cebe, Jan (referee)
On 26 April 1986, the worst nuclear accident in human history took place at Chernobyl in Ukraine. In addition to the massive loss of human lifes (it is estimated that hundreds of thousands of people died indirectly as a result of radiation), the accident had devastating effects on nature far and wide. In the first part of my thesis, I use literature to describe the reality of how the accident actually occurred and what its consequences were. Then, through an analysis of articles in the Czechoslovak press of the time (Rudé právo - the central daily of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia; Týdeník aktualit - published in Czechoslovakia by the Soviet Novosti Press Agency), I present a comprehensive picture of how the Chernobyl accident was presented to Czechoslovak readers in comparison with reality. The depiction of the accident is also examined in contemporary Czechoslovak television coverage. In order to compare the depiction of the accident in the West, I further analyze articles in The New York Times. Part of the thesis also focuses on an examination of the archival holdings of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia to refute or confirm the hypothesis that there is evidence of instructions to journalists on how they should write about the crash.
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Army and Security: The Role of Czechoslovak Television's Army, Security and Military Ability Department between 1958 and 1990
Krušinová, Karolína ; Štoll, Martin (advisor) ; Růžička, Daniel (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the history and functioning of Czechoslovak Television's Army, Security and Military Ability Department in the years 1958-1990. The author first introduces the reader to the historical context and maps the changes that Czechoslovak Television went through in connection with political situation, with an emphasis on the period of the Prague Spring, August 1968, and the subsequent onset of normalization. This part of the thesis also introduces readers to the position of the media in the political mechanism of Czechoslovakia and its interventions in the functioning of the media. The thesis also deals in detail with the Television's Army, Security and Military Ability Department itself, its main tasks, history and contractually secured connection to the Federal Ministry of the Interior and the Federal Ministry of Defence. In this part of the thesis, the method of department's financing and organizational structure are also described, including the tasks of employees and the editor-in-chief Miloslav Broumský. The author draws not only from available book sources, but mainly from internal primary sources obtained during archival research in the archives of Czech Television, the National Archive and the Military Historical Archive. Information obtained through archival...
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