|
|
Possibilities of Hollow Fiber Microextraction and Voltammetric Detection of Homovanillic acid
Hrdlička, V. ; Barek, J. ; Navrátil, Tomáš
The contribution deals with hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) of homovanillic acid (HVA) and its subsequent voltammetric detection. In HF-LPME, HVA is extracted from acidic sample through thin supported liquid membrane into basic aqueous acceptor solution. Since common electrode materials such as gold, platinum or glassy carbon are only able to detect HVA under acidic or neutral conditions, a new method was developed, utilizing silica gel modified carbon paste electrode (CPE). Reached limit of detection in a 10 μL drop of the HVA extract of pH 13 was 1·10-5 mol L-1.
|
|
|
Searching for Electrochemical Reduction Mechanism of Azidophenyl DNA Labels
Daňhel, Aleš ; Trošanová, Zuzana ; Balintová, Jana ; Hocek, Michal ; Fojta, Miroslav
This contribution brings new information to sporadic scientific results concerned to electrochemical reduction of aromatic azides. Selected compounds used as perspective DNA labels or their structural constituents such as, 4-azidophenyltrifluoroboronic acid, 4-azidophenyl modified deoxycytidine and next probable analogous compounds and/or products of their reduction, were voltammetrically studied and compared to each other in order to reveal a mechanism of their electrochemical reduction at mercury electrodes in aqueous media. Preliminary results obtained by cyclic voltammetry at mercury and carbon based electrodes and by mass spectrometry of the products isolated from batch electrolysis on mercury pool by preparative chromatography are discussed.
|
|
|
Voltammetric Behavior of 4-Aminophthalimide Label using Hanging Mercury Drop Electrode
Ferenčíková, Z. ; Daňhel, Aleš ; Riedl, Jan ; Hocek, Michal ; Fojta, Miroslav
4-aminophthalimide (API), covalently attached to nucleotide (dCTP or dATP) has recently beendesigned as a fluorescent label for the detection of DNA-protein interaction. However API is electrochemically reducible and therefore it is possible to use alternatively the API-modified nuclotides as DNA redox labels. The electrochemical behavior of labeled nucleotides and labeled DNA was studied using cyclic voltammetry and transfer stripping cyclic voltammetry at hanging mercury drop electrode. Observed CVs showed irreversible reduction signals of 4-aminophthalimide label without production of consequently oxidizable/reducible species.
|
|
|
Lab-made Sensors Based on Boron-doped Diamond for Determination of Herbicide Linuron
Štěpánková, M. ; Šelešovská, R. ; Janíková, L. ; Vojs, M. ; Marton, M. ; Behúl, M. ; Nováková, Kateřina ; Chýlková, J.
Voltammetric behaviour of substituted urea herbicide linuron (LIN) was investigated using two types of boron-doped diamond electrodes (BDDE): commercial BDDE and lab-made sensors based on boron-doped diamond (LM-BDDE). Various methods like cyclic voltammetry (CV), direct current voltammetry (DCV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were examined. It was found that LIN provides one oxidation peak using all of the tested working electrodes and the highest current response was recorded in the acidic media. Thus, Britton-Robinson (B-R) buffer of pH 2 was used as a supporting electrolyte. Parameters of DPV were optimized and the low limits of detection (LOD) were reached 1.41×10−7 M for commercial boron-doped diamond electrode and 8.81×10−9 M, respectively, which represents the lowest LOD obtained for lab-made boron-doped diamond electrodes.
|
|
|
Use of the Silver Solid Amalgam Electrode for Determination of 5-Nitroindazole
Nováková, Kateřina ; Navrátil, Tomáš ; Hrdlička, V. ; Vyskočil, V. ; Barek, J. ; Chýlková, J.
The voltammetric behavior of 5- nitroindazole (5-NI) has been investigated using mercury meniscus modified (m-AgSAE) silver solid amalgam electrode (inner diameter 0.5 mm). Differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) were used for study of electrochemical behavior of 5-NI. Britton-Robinson buffer was found to be the best available supporting electrolyte for 5-NI determination. The reaction mechanism was investigated by CV and by elimination voltammetry with linear scan (EVLS). DPV with optimized working parameters was applied for analysis of model solutions containing 5-NI. The limit of detection was calculated as 0.14 mol L for m-AgSAE. Proposed method was successfully tested for analysis of real water samples spiked by 5-NI.
|
|
| |
|
|
Přímé voltametrické stanovení antioxidantu 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisolu ve směsné motorové naftě
Tomášková, M. ; Chýlková, J. ; Jehlička, V. ; Navrátil, Tomáš ; Šelešovská, R.
Působení dopravy na životní prostředí úzce souvisí s technickým stavem dopravních prostředků. Z ekonomických důvodů jsou kladeny stále vyšší nároky na prodloužení jejich dobrého technického stavu, na zabezpečení vysoké provozní spolehlivosti, na snižování spotřeby paliv, maziv i dalších provozních hmot. Růst kvality a efektivnosti údržby pozitivně ovlivňuje využívání metod kontroly jejich jakosti, které mohou při důsledném uplatňování přinést snižování nákladů, a zároveň přispívá ke snižování škodlivých vlivů dopravy na složky životního prostředí. V současné době se velmi rychle rozvíjejí fyzikální a fyzikálně-chemické instrumentální zkušební metody pro posuzování stupně opotřebení provozních kapalin. Získané analytické údaje poskytují zejména u olejů kromě diagnostické informace i informaci prognostickou, tj. dovolují předvídat případné havarijní situace a předcházet jim. Optimalizace výměny olejových náplní je velmi závažným problémem z hlediska ekonomického, provozně-bezpečnostního i environmentálního. Právě v oblasti životního prostředí nachází stále širší uplatnění tribotechnická diagnostika. Uplatňují se jak expresní diagnostiky, tak i standardní laboratorní zkoušky a náročné instrumentální metody.
|
|
|
(Strept)avidin-biotin interactions at amalgam electrodes covered by thiol monolayer
Josypčuk, Bohdan ; Mareček, Vladimír ; Yosypchuk, O.
Carboxylic group of 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) can be used to creat a peptide bond with species containing amino group, e.g., peptides, and proteins. By the help of EDC-NHS technology, streptavidin or avidin was covalently bonded with MUA-monolayer at a silver solid amalgam electrode. Such prepared electrode was used for detecting biotin and biotinylated albumin in the supporting electrolyte (0.15 M NaCl, 0.05 M TRIS, pH 7.0). Electrochemical impendance spectroscopy was performed for the biosensor response monitored by impedance spectroscopy. Binding of biotin or biotinylated albumin with (strept)avidin a change in the resistance of the sensor in the concentration range of 0.5-20 μg mL-1. Electrochemical regeneration of the amalgam electrode permits simply to renew its surface and to create the new biosensor.
|
|
|
Assessment of Potential Risk Connected with the Use of Mercury and Mercury Electrodes
Navrátil, Tomáš ; Švancara, I. ; Mrázová, K. ; Nováková, Kateřina ; Chýlková, J. ; Pelclová, D.
This contribution tries to asses critically the danger connected with utilization of mercury in different branches of human activites. The main attention was devoted to electrochemistry, mainly to voltammetry and polarography. However, to other branches were characterized as well: dentistry, in battery production, mining industry, and a few others. The most toxic and contarily almost nontoxic forms of mercury and of its compounds were characterized. Some interesting cases of exposure to mercury, according to the database of the Czech Toxicological Information Centre (TIC) (from years 1995-2011), have been reported,
|
|
|
Investigation of Complexes of Tebuconazole with Zinc
Jakl, M. ; Norková, Renáta ; Navrátil, Tomáš ; Jaklová Dytrtová, Jana ; Balík, J.
Tebuconazole is one of the most utilized triazole pesticides in agriculture. Its stability is highly affected by complexation with metals. Moreover, it creates more or less stable complexes with essential elements that become unavailable to plants. In the system with overbundant tebuconazole, an inert (very stable) complex with Zn was found. Elimination voltammetry wit linear scan was used for revealing of the electrode processes on the mercury surface. The relatively slow kinetically controlled step in tebuconazole/Zn complex formation indication indicates the great ability of Zn-tebuconazole system to react with more ligans. Therefore, multiligand Zn-tebuconazole complexes with other ligands are expected in the nature.
|
host ::
RSS.