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Equalization Methods in Digital Communication Systems
Deyneka, Alexander ; Šilhavý, Pavel (oponent) ; Číž, Radim (vedoucí práce)
The thesis is focused on the problem of equalization in digital communication systems. Theoretical part includes brief observation of different approaches of equalizer designing. The practical part deals with implementation of the most often used equalizers and their adaptation algorithms. The aim of practical part is to make a comparison characteristic of different type of equalizers and reveal factors that influence the quality of equalization. Within a framework of the problem of equalization three types of equalizers were researched: linear equalizers, decision feedback equalizers (DFE) and maximum likelihood equalizers (ML). Each equalizer was tested on the model which approximates the real transmission system with complex distortion consisted of attenuation, intersymbol interference and additive noise. The comparison characteristics of equalizers were revealed on the basis of implementation. It was ascertained that ML equalizer has the optimum performance among three equalizers. The adaptation algorithm play significant role in performance of mentioned equalizers. Two groups of algorithms were studied: stochastic and deterministic. The first one includes following algorithms: least-mean-square algorithm (LMS), normalized LMS algorithm (NLMS) and variable step-size LMS algorithm (VSLMS). The second one is represented by RLS algorithm. It was determined that RLS algorithm converges much faster than LMS-based algorithms. The several factors that influenced the performance of all algorithms were studied. One of the most important factors that influences the speed of convergence and stability of the LMS algorithm is step-size parameter. Another very important factor is selecting the training sequence. The big disadvantage of LMS-based algorithms compare to RLS-based algorithms was found: the quality of equalization is highly dependent on the power spectral density of the training sequence.
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Equalization Methods in Digital Communication Systems
Deyneka, Alexander ; Šilhavý, Pavel (oponent) ; Číž, Radim (vedoucí práce)
The thesis is focused on the problem of equalization in digital communication systems. Theoretical part includes brief observation of different approaches of equalizer designing. The practical part deals with implementation of the most often used equalizers and their adaptation algorithms. The aim of practical part is to make a comparison characteristic of different type of equalizers and reveal factors that influence the quality of equalization. Within a framework of the problem of equalization three types of equalizers were researched: linear equalizers, decision feedback equalizers (DFE) and maximum likelihood equalizers (ML). Each equalizer was tested on the model which approximates the real transmission system with complex distortion consisted of attenuation, intersymbol interference and additive noise. The comparison characteristics of equalizers were revealed on the basis of implementation. It was ascertained that ML equalizer has the optimum performance among three equalizers. The adaptation algorithm play significant role in performance of mentioned equalizers. Two groups of algorithms were studied: stochastic and deterministic. The first one includes following algorithms: least-mean-square algorithm (LMS), normalized LMS algorithm (NLMS) and variable step-size LMS algorithm (VSLMS). The second one is represented by RLS algorithm. It was determined that RLS algorithm converges much faster than LMS-based algorithms. The several factors that influenced the performance of all algorithms were studied. One of the most important factors that influences the speed of convergence and stability of the LMS algorithm is step-size parameter. Another very important factor is selecting the training sequence. The big disadvantage of LMS-based algorithms compare to RLS-based algorithms was found: the quality of equalization is highly dependent on the power spectral density of the training sequence.
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Depozice tenkých vrstev Ba.sub.x./sub.Sr.sub.1-x./sub.TiO.sub.3./sub. pomocí dvoutryskového RF plazmatického systému s efektem duté katody
Hubička, Zdeněk ; Virostko, Petr ; Olejníček, Jiří ; Deyneka, Alexander ; Adámek, Petr ; Valvoda, V. ; Jastrabík, Lubomír ; Šícha, Miloš ; Tichý, M.
Nízkotlaký systém dvou plazmových trysek s efektem duté katody byl použit pro depozice feroelektrických tenkých vrstev BaxSr1-xTiO3 (BSTO). V keramických tryskách vyrobených z SrTiO3 a BaTiO3 byl zapálen pulzně modulovaný RF výboj s efektem duté katody. Chemické složení vrstev BSTO bylo kontrolováno pomocí středního výkonu přiváděného na jednotlivé trysky. Rentgenová difrakce potvrdila, že deponované tenké vrstvy BSTO jsou polykrystalické s perovskitovskou strukturou. Časově rozlišená diagnostika Langmuirovou sondou a měřák impedance byly použity pro ´in situ´ kontrolu depozičních podmínek.
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