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Hybrid-epistemický model kvantové mechaniky a možné řešení problému měření
Souček, Jiří
In this study we introduce and describe in details the hybrid-epistemic model for quantum mechanics. The main differences with respect to the standard model are following: (1) the measurement process is considered as an internal process inside quantum mechanics, i.e. it does not make a part of axioms and (2) the process of the observation of the state of the individual measuring system is introduced into axioms. The intrinsic measurement process is described in two variants (simplified and generalized). Our model contains hybrid, epistemic and hybrid-epistemic systems. Each hybrid system contains a unique orthogonal base composed from homogeneous (i.e. ontic) states. We show that in our model the measurement problem is consistently solvable. Our model represents the rational compromise between the Bohr’s view (the ontic model) and the Einstein’s view (the epistemic model).
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Obnovení lokality: axiomatická formulace modifikované kvantové mechaniky
Souček, Jiří
From the dichotomy "nonlocality vs non-realism" which is the consequence of Bell Inequalities (BI) we shall choose the non-realism. We shall present here the modified Quantum Mechanics (modQM) in the axiomatic form. ModQM was introduced in [5] and we shall show its non-realism in the description of an internal measurement process. ModQM allows the restoration of locality, since BI cannot be derived in it. In modQM it is possible to solve: the measurement problem, the collapse problem, the problem of a local model for EPR correlations (see[5]). ModQM is a unique explicit realization of non-realism in QM. ModQM should be preferred as an alternative to the standard QM mainly since it restores the locality.
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Nová axiomatizace kvantové mechaniky
Souček, Jiří
In this paper we describe a new (complete) axiomatization of quantum mechanics (QM) in which we add axioms describing the concept of an observation. We show that new axioms are clear and evident and based on common sense. Our approach is based on the idea of the observation of properties of an individual measuring system. We distinguish two concepts of a state: the properties of an individual measuring system and the state of an ensemble of systems. Then we prove that the ontic model of QM is inconsistent. This is our main result. This implies the necessity to consider “non-realistic” models for QM in which it is not true that each wave-function describes a possible state of an individual system. Our axiomatization is based on the postulate of the existence of definite outputs of an experiment. Thus the evident reality of the existence of definite outputs implies that our axiomatization is true and verifiable.
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Nová observační axiomatizace kvantové mechaniky, nekonsistence ontického modelu kvantové mechaniky a konec kvantové nelokality
Souček, Jiří
V tomto článku popisujeme novou axiomatizaci kvantové mechaniky (QM) ve které vyměňujeme pojem měření pojmem pozorování. Diskutujeme a popisujeme tuto axiomatizaci ve všech detailech. Ukazujeme, že nové axiomy jsou jasné a evidentní a založen na zdravém rozumu. Náš přístup je založen na ideji pozorování individuálního stavu individuálního měřícího systému. Rozlišujeme dva pojmy stavu: individuální stav individuálního měřícího systému a stav ensemblu systémů. Dokazujeme, že ontický model QM (kde vlnová funkce popisuje stav individuálního systému) je nekonzistentní. To je náš hlavní výsledek. Implikuje, že "standardní von Neumannova učebnicová QM" je nekonzistentní. To implikuje nutnost uvažovat "nerealistické" modely pro QM. Navíc ukazujeme, že důkazy Bellovy věty a kvantové nelokality jsou neplatné v těchto "nerealistických" modelech pro QM. To způsobuje, že neexistuje platný důkaz kvantové nelokality.
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