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The state of the Natural Regeneration in Bavarian Forest National Park, 10 Years after the Total Death Parent Stands
Červenka, J. ; Wild, Jan ; Svoboda, M. ; Kopecký, Martin ; Macek, Martin ; Brůna, Josef ; Zenáhlíková, J.
The presented research is focused on the state of natural regeneration (Norway spruce and Rowan), 10 years after total death of parent stands in the core untouched part Bavarian Forest National Park. The 16 permanent plots 40m x 40m are located on the southeast of Bavaria. We determined exact height, size of the last height increment, condition and species of trees. Number of saplings were counted and classified by heights. These number ranged from 53 to 17276 saplings per hectare. The spruce species composition was 96.7%. The height structure of spruce shows that almost 73% found spruce trees reached heights greater than 0.5 m. The average height increment increased with increasing height of saplings. This paper presents state of natural regeneration in mountain spruce forests in Bavarian Forest National Park without the human influence in summer 2010, 10 years after total death of parent stands.
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The Regeneration Stand and HeighIncrement 10 Years after a Dieback Caused by Bark Beetle Outbreak
Zenáhlíková, J. ; Svoboda, M. ; Wild, Jan ; Kopecký, Martin ; Macek, Martin
In 1990s the bark beetle outbreak caused a dieback of mountain spruce forest in Sumava National Park. We analyzed structure of mature stands and natural regeneration more than 10 years after a dieback in 1998. After that forests have been left without human interventions. Nine square plots (400 m(2)) were measured by technology FiledMap. It was examined: trees, snags, stumps and regeneration. Tree layer is completely destroyed, there are only standing stumps, snags and lying logs. There are any mature trees. The dominant species was spruce (Picea abies), only one living rowan (Sorbus aucuparia) was on P60. There were only 25 livings trees higher than 3 m on all plots together. In regeneration density was dominant spruce - 97 %, rowan was represented with 4 %. The number of regeneration differed between plots and covers variation in density which ranched between 1260 12000 ind/ha. Height of regeneration has normal distribution with mean 46 cm, which agrees with age of 10 years. This indicates majority of regeneration established before or in time of stand decomposition. Striking was minimal rate of young individuals, which means lower generative restoration in phase after dieback of tree layer. Height increment increases with increasing height of regeneration. Stand openings lead to expansion of herbal vegetation.
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