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Distance Protection Design Using Digital Input Data
Wannous, Kinan Hasan Wafaa ; Müller,, Zdeněk (oponent) ; Braciník, Peter (oponent) ; Toman, Petr (vedoucí práce)
IEC 61850-9-2 specifies that the transmission of sampled measured values (SMVs)over an Ethernet network, using sampled values generated by merging units of IEDsor individual merging units, instrument transformers. The implementation of IEC 61850-9-2 depends on the dataset specifications such as time synchronization, sample counts, and interval time. The dissertation is focused on protection algorithms and analyses the impact of IEC61850-9-2LE on physical protections with (analog-digital) input data of voltage and current. With the increased interaction between physical devices and communication components, the test proposes a communication analysis for a substation with the conventional method (analog input) and digital method based on the IEC 61850standard. The thesis analyses the merging unit’s functions for relays using IEC61850-9-2LE. The proposed method defines the sampled measured values source and analysis of the traffic. Further, the thesis deals with the programming of protection function algorithms in Matlab. The model evaluated the harmonics impact on digital relays and the impact of current transformer saturation on distance protection. In the end, the thesis deals with the assessment of the benefits of IEC 61850-9-2LEusing a neural network. The last chapter focuses on a real-time application that subscribes the data stream coming from a substation near the protection laboratory in Brno University of Technology. IEC 61850-9-2 LE SMVs are used to transmit the traffic to a university lab-oratory with 16 km of fiber optic cable. The application built using Matlab and can read the traffic from the ethernet port, the traffic decoded and convert from ASCII to the decimal numbers then draw the current and voltage values. The application developed without using any need for additional hardware, the requirements are the ethernet port RJ45 from the station and pc that is running Matlab. The benefits and features of the application, easy to use, ability to implement all the distance protection functions, calculation of the RMS values of the voltage and current, harmonic distortion, the harmonic components with FTT analysis, distance protection characteristics and fault impedance calculation. All calculations implemented in real-time, moreover, in this chapter include sensitivity analysis of the Matlab model in previous chapters. Distance protection functions discussed in this thesis used the offline model of Matlab or captured with Comtrade format files
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Control of decentralized energy sources and storage systems
Maksimovich, Valeriia ; Wannous, Kinan Hasan Wafaa (oponent) ; Šedrlová, Magdalena (vedoucí práce)
We are living in a century when we can barely imagine life without electricity. The needs of controlling, smart-metering and rearrangements of energy market in Europe raised with penetration of small-scaled power plants, which generate electricity from renewable energy sources. At this step, the following question can be raised, how to provide a reliable, safety and sustainable energy supply whilst minimizing costs and environmental pollution. One way is to introduce decentralized energy sources to the grid. This thesis mostly deals with the concept of decentralized generation and its penetration to the grid, distribution, accumulation and controlling methods. The thesis will also give the reader overview of several energy market participants, such as energy traders, aggregators and local distribution systems.
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Distance Protection Design Using Digital Input Data
Wannous, Kinan Hasan Wafaa ; Müller,, Zdeněk (oponent) ; Braciník, Peter (oponent) ; Toman, Petr (vedoucí práce)
IEC 61850-9-2 specifies that the transmission of sampled measured values (SMVs)over an Ethernet network, using sampled values generated by merging units of IEDsor individual merging units, instrument transformers. The implementation of IEC 61850-9-2 depends on the dataset specifications such as time synchronization, sample counts, and interval time. The dissertation is focused on protection algorithms and analyses the impact of IEC61850-9-2LE on physical protections with (analog-digital) input data of voltage and current. With the increased interaction between physical devices and communication components, the test proposes a communication analysis for a substation with the conventional method (analog input) and digital method based on the IEC 61850standard. The thesis analyses the merging unit’s functions for relays using IEC61850-9-2LE. The proposed method defines the sampled measured values source and analysis of the traffic. Further, the thesis deals with the programming of protection function algorithms in Matlab. The model evaluated the harmonics impact on digital relays and the impact of current transformer saturation on distance protection. In the end, the thesis deals with the assessment of the benefits of IEC 61850-9-2LEusing a neural network. The last chapter focuses on a real-time application that subscribes the data stream coming from a substation near the protection laboratory in Brno University of Technology. IEC 61850-9-2 LE SMVs are used to transmit the traffic to a university lab-oratory with 16 km of fiber optic cable. The application built using Matlab and can read the traffic from the ethernet port, the traffic decoded and convert from ASCII to the decimal numbers then draw the current and voltage values. The application developed without using any need for additional hardware, the requirements are the ethernet port RJ45 from the station and pc that is running Matlab. The benefits and features of the application, easy to use, ability to implement all the distance protection functions, calculation of the RMS values of the voltage and current, harmonic distortion, the harmonic components with FTT analysis, distance protection characteristics and fault impedance calculation. All calculations implemented in real-time, moreover, in this chapter include sensitivity analysis of the Matlab model in previous chapters. Distance protection functions discussed in this thesis used the offline model of Matlab or captured with Comtrade format files
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Control of decentralized energy sources and storage systems
Maksimovich, Valeriia ; Wannous, Kinan Hasan Wafaa (oponent) ; Šedrlová, Magdalena (vedoucí práce)
We are living in a century when we can barely imagine life without electricity. The needs of controlling, smart-metering and rearrangements of energy market in Europe raised with penetration of small-scaled power plants, which generate electricity from renewable energy sources. At this step, the following question can be raised, how to provide a reliable, safety and sustainable energy supply whilst minimizing costs and environmental pollution. One way is to introduce decentralized energy sources to the grid. This thesis mostly deals with the concept of decentralized generation and its penetration to the grid, distribution, accumulation and controlling methods. The thesis will also give the reader overview of several energy market participants, such as energy traders, aggregators and local distribution systems.
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Distance Protection for Parallel and Double-Circuit HV Lines
Muhayimana, Obed ; Wannous, Kinan Hasan Wafaa (oponent) ; Orságová, Jaroslava (vedoucí práce)
The protection of parallel and double-circuit lines is actually challenging due to the effect of mutual coupling impedance, fault resistance and the current reversal phenomenon which distort the single-phase fault impedance ‘’seen’’ by the distance protection. However, numerical distance protections currently used provide compensation functions which can be used for the characteristic correction and computation of distance-to-fault location, because of their locator characteristics with enough resistive reserve and the possibility of setting an adequate tripping mode. This work explores the problems faced by the distance protection locator while measuring and calculating the location distance of a single-phase fault, and the current state of solutions adopted in solving those problems. Owing to the parameter calculations for the given transmission line, possible faults when localizing single-phase faults were evaluated, and a setting design was proposed for the effective line protection, including settings of parameters which compensate the above mentioned negative phenomena. It was found that the earth-wire and the line transposition, improve the accuracy of the locators, because the least error was found in the transposed line with earth wire.
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