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Influence of cultivation conditions relating to climatic change on the selected polyphenol content in grapevine plants
Tříska, Jan ; Balík, J. ; Vrchotová, Naděžda ; Mikeš, O.
Winegrowing is highly climate sensitive. Even small changes in temperature could have big impacts on the whole industry. Because of the relatively high crop value, many growers can aff ord to invest in adaptation resources that might not be feasible for less valuable crops. Th ere are two basic types of response to climate change: working to adapt to or manage the impacts experienced, and trying to prevent or minimize further change (mitigation). Th ese are not mutually exclusive, and in fact, both are increasingly regarded as necessary. In our contribution we will discuss the eff ects of drought, irrigation and cultivation in greenhouses in comparison to cultivation in vineyards on the content of trans-piceid and trans-resveratrol in white and blue varieties of Vitis vinifera plants.
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Long term investigation of resveratrol content in moravian red wines in relation to climate conditions
Vrchotová, Naděžda ; Tříska, Jan ; Totušek, J. ; Balík, J.
The considerable commercial importance of wine together with the necessary quality control and investigation of the biological quality of constituent compounds leads to the development of adequate and reliable methods for the determination of macro- and micro-components in wine. Although wine contains a large amount of known compounds e.g. volatile (fl avour compounds), semi-volatile (phenolic) and non-volatile components (pigments), new compounds from all the above mentioned classes are still found in wine and are under heavy investigation, especially regarding their biological activity and their relation to the vinifi cation processes. Th e most signifi cant and famous due to the so-called French paradox is resveratrol-3,4´,5-trihydroxystilbene. Resveratrol is a stress metabolite formed in the grapevine in response to abiotic (UV irradiation) and biotic stresses (Botrytis cinerea). UV irradiation transforms trans isomer to cis form. But according the recent literature cis resveratrol could be also a result of organic farming – natural means of defence in organic viticulture against fungal infections. In our study we have investigated resveratrol content in diff erent vineyards in relation to annual mean temperature, precipitation and sun irradiation.
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Supresivní vliv křídlatky a dalších vybraných rostlinných druhů na klíčivost a nekrósu listů
Šerá, Božena ; Plachká, E. ; Vrchotová, Naděžda
Vybrané rostlinné druhy křídlatka sachalinská (Reynoutria sachalinensis), kmín kořenný (Carum carvi), jerlín japonský (Sophora japonica) a netýkavka žlaznatá (Impatiens glandulifera) byly použity pro testování toxických účinků na modelových druzích hořčici bílé (Leucosinapis alba) a řepce olejce (Brassica napus). Byly použity dva typy testů. Zaprvé byl testován růst semen modelových druhů v půdě smíchané s nadzemními částmi vybraných druhů rostlin. Zadruhé byly listy modelových rostlin ošetřeny extrakty z vybraných druhů rostlin a infikovány izolátem Leptosphaeria maculans. Reakce na působení vybraných druhů rostlin v půdním substrátu byla u hořčice bílé a řepky olejky srovnatelná. Vyšší fytotoxicita byla zaznamenána u listí křídlatky sachalinské a plodů kmínu kořenného. Relativně nízká byla při použití substrátu s kůrou jerlínu japonského.
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