Národní úložiště šedé literatury Nalezeno 30 záznamů.  1 - 10dalšíkonec  přejít na záznam: Hledání trvalo 0.00 vteřin. 
The Impact of Water Weaponization on Human Security: A Case Study in the Sahel
de Jong, Nynke ; Russo, Alessandra (vedoucí práce) ; Solovyeva, Anzhelika (oponent)
Climate change and armed conflict are two concepts that are increasingly linked together in today's world, and even more so in regions where natural resources are already scarce to begin with. This research aims to give perspective on one of the phenomena that takes advantage of both armed conflict as well as climate change: water weaponization. King's (2023) framework of water weaponization is used to analyse whether this has an impact on the human security in the Sahel region in Africa. The human security theory is used in order to provide a much-needed personal perspective of this increasingly popular nexus. Through discourse and content analysis on NGO output, this research strives towards answering the following question: How does the weaponization of climate change impact human security in the Sahel according to NGOs? After a thorough analysis of the documents, it is concluded that food security seems to be most impacted by water weaponization in the Sahel. However, since the scholarship on the topic is still very limited, more research is needed in order to draw more valid conclusions.
International Humanitarian Law and autonomy in weapons: A normative analysis of the notion of human control
Ovchinnikova, Ekaterina ; Pertile, Marco (vedoucí práce) ; Solovyeva, Anzhelika (oponent)
Lethal autonomous weapons systems, as defined by the International Committee of the Red Cross, can select and apply force to targets without human intervention. The relationship between lethal autonomous weapons systems and international humanitarian law is herein studied from the perspective of human control. While autonomy in weapons is progressively increasing, it leads to the decrease of human control. This thesis finds that human control is required under the existing regulatory framework. Such a conclusion is reached through a normative analysis, carried out in two phases. First, the notion of human control is developed by examining the positions of states expressed in 2023 under the framework of the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons. The convergences identified among states' statements allow to conceptualize human control. Second, the analysis of fundamental principles of International Humanitarian Law proves that human control is an intrinsic legal requirement. Normative analysis shows that the notion of human control includes human judgment, monitoring and capacity to intervene during the entire cycle of the performance of a weapon. It is demonstrated that a degree of human control must be maintained for lethal autonomous weapons systems to comply with International Humanitarian...
Unmasking Russian Hybrid Warfare in Europe: A Comparative Study of Estonia and the Netherlands
Rotink, Guus ; Smith, David (vedoucí práce) ; Solovyeva, Anzhelika (oponent)
This dissertation examines the development of hybrid warfare as an analytical concept, and in particular the development of Russian hybrid warfare post the 2014 Russian annexation of Crimea. Russian hybrid warfare has since then developed into large-scale policy and Russia is unlikely to cease its hybrid activities, making them an important field of study. Making use of a comparative case study approach, the dissertation looks closely at two small states, Estonia and the Netherlands, and their respective experiences with Russian hybrid warfare and to what extent there exist differences and similarities between the two cases studied. The study demonstrates that Russia views itself as at war with the West and that it involves all elements of its state to gain the upper hand, with a particular focus on hybrid methods ranging from information warfare to cyber warfare and proxy warfare. Similarities as well as differences between the two cases exist, although the similarities have the upper hand with information warfare being the strongest asset of the Kremlin in both states. Further, this dissertation argues that studying and understanding Russian hybrid warfare is of significant importance for protecting democratic societies in the West and that future research may engage in exploring possible...
Predictive Policing Using AI & ML for Domestic Law Enforcement: Critical Analysis & Framework Development in EU
Mansur, Fariha ; Solovyeva, Anzhelika (vedoucí práce) ; Reilly, Paul (oponent)
This research provides a critical analysis of predictive policing systems within Germany and Netherlands, as part of the larger European Union (EU), where the focus is on biases and issues within processes that need to be addressed using a human security approach to help improve and redesign these systems to integrate them into a normative framework such as the EU AI Act. As case studies, location- based and person-based predictive policing practices in Germany and Netherlands were identified and chosen for analysis through a deductive analytical approach using a relevant theoretical framework. Qualitative analysis was employed on information collated from interviews with researchers and industry experts from the respective regions, as well as published journals in the field of predictive law enforcement in EU. The literature review has information on the data collected from journals as part of the analysis, which was later employed extensively within the empirical analysis section. Unlike most literature reviewed; this research explicitly applies human security as a theoretical approach to predictive policing practices as well as applying relevant theories to explain the probable solutions provided by experts. By employing a human security approach integrated with algorithmic bias theory, the...
The Russian Narrative Strategy on Telegram. Analyzing Propaganda, Disinformation, and the Pursuit of Influence in Colombia and Mexico in the Context of Ukraine's War
Bogonez Muñoz, Paula ; Kaczmarski, Marcin (vedoucí práce) ; Solovyeva, Anzhelika (oponent)
This paper explores the importance of propaganda's role within the social media environment, specifically as a potent weapon employed by state actors. Within the context of the Ukraine war, this investigation unravels the magnitude of this phenomenon paying attention to the actor which has harnessed this relatively new digital resource to an unprecedented degree: the Russian Federation. Following a vast review of literature and an empirical exploration, this research highlights how Russia's utilisation of propaganda poses a major concern, especially for the United States and its allies. What renders this investigation particularly interesting is its deliberate focus on Latin America, a region where recent evidence suggests Russia is intensifying its propaganda activities. Scholarly attention remains scarce on this geographical area. To address this analytical gap, a detailed examination of Russian Telegram Embassy Channels in Colombia and Mexico is undertaken. This approach allows a better understanding of potential state sponsored and tailored propaganda, enhancing the knowledge about the phenomenon in the context of warfare.
An Assessment of Russia's Disinformation Campaigns in the Western Balkans since 2022 invasion of Ukraine
Asllani, Mejreme ; Kaczmarski, Marcin (vedoucí práce) ; Solovyeva, Anzhelika (oponent)
historical background, the study provides an overview of Russia's engagement in the Western The findings delineate the Kremlin's sophisticated already existing narratives, ranging from the study explores the role of domestic actors in amplifying Russia's disinformation campaigns. It
Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zones and the metaphysics of security communities: perspectives from Tlatelolco and Bangkok
Canola, Vanessa ; Hynek, Nikola (vedoucí práce) ; Solovyeva, Anzhelika (oponent)
š é á š ě ě ů ž ý ů ě í č ý ř ž š á í á ří á ý ó á ě ó ý í é ěř ú ě á í ž í ř ž ý ý í ě ší á ů í í é š ů á í ě ě á á é é ů é ý ří š š í í é ř í ě č í řá á í á í á í í é ě č í ří ž ý ý ř ěř ů čí í ý č é š ž ř áší ěží řístup k "akademické" diskusi. Pro odpověď á í í ý é á š ích "one elites interviews" a vybrala dvě ě í í ří é é ě ý í Asii: "Do jaké í ř í ě š é "bezpeč í komunity", koncept vytvoř ý ě ý Adlerem a Barnettem?", "Můž ř é á í í í í í ývojovou cestu: "mladá", "vzestupná" nebo "zralá" č í komunita?", "Jakou roli hrají í í é š ř ř á í á í á í á ích stran?". Vý ž ž í "tří ň ého" modelu a analý ý ý ří ý í ůž ž ý í ě é č í é "zralé" fá é ě á í é é ář á č á á í í ý ě ž ý ý í é ý č é ú
The implementation of lethal AI systems on the battlefield and its implication on warfare
Schoenemeyer, Julian ; Hays II, George (vedoucí práce) ; Solovyeva, Anzhelika (oponent)
This paper examines the role of lethal AI weapon systems on the battlefield and its implications for the classical concept of warfare developed by Carl von Clausewitz. Furthermore, it addresses the consequences that a proliferation of these systems can have on the current security orders. To examine both issues, my study uses a qualitative research design that consists out of two cases. My methodological approach uses a content analysis approach that is based on objective and subjective characteristics of each system. Moreover, I differentiate between airborne and ground-based systems. The results that I generated from this case study indicates only a weak effect of lethal autonomous weapon systems on the classical concept of warfare. These autonomous robotic systems rather enhance and modify the existing theory. A similar correlation can be found regarding the second research question that a proliferation of LAWS has also only a limited effect on current global security orders. Their effects are more of regional significance. Therefore, my study concludes that the effects of LAWS on the classical concept of warfare is marginal, likewise to the effects on global security structures. A possible limitation of my study is that it doesn't take offensive fully autonomous weapon systems into account...
Inside the Dictator's Panopticon: Unveiling Digital Authoritarianism in Belarus
Yaromich, Kathrin ; Solovyeva, Anzhelika (vedoucí práce) ; Hynek, Nikola (oponent)
Title: Inside the Dictator's Panopticon: Unveiling Digital Authoritarianism in Belarus Název práce: Uvnitř diktátorova panoptika: Odhalování digitálního autoritarismu v Bělorusku. Abstract: The following research presents the first-ever empirical case study of digital authoritarianism in Belarus. While Belarusian propaganda has created an atmosphere of omnipresent surveillance with citizens always feeling watched, there is pervasive secrecy surrounding existing surveillance practices and their functioning. The following research aims to unravel the techniques of digital repression employed by the Belarusian government, as well as to evaluate them in line with the conceptual framework of the usage of digital technologies to the strategic ends of authoritarian regimes and the transformational political effects of such new technologies. In addition to establishing distinct features of Belarusian digital authoritarianism, the research also determines the extent to which Belarusian authoritarianism is digital as well as the role of private actors. Given the lack of academic literature relating to the specific case study, interviews with experts in the field were carried out and consequently utilized in the qualitative analysis along with secondary data. The findings suggest Lukashenka's government effectively...
Green Nationalism in right wing political parties in the Baltics
Thota, Raghavendra Aditya Babu ; Střítecký, Vít (vedoucí práce) ; Solovyeva, Anzhelika (oponent)
This paper focuses on the securitization of the migration crisis from the perspective of Slovakian parliamentary elections of 2016 and the Czech parliamentary elections in 2017. The migration/refugee crisis that started in 2015 played a significant role during the pre-electoral discourse and political campaigns. This goal of this paper is to apply the theory of securitization Copenhagen Peace Research Institute in the context of securitization of refugees or migrants of the migration crisis of 2015. I analyze mainly the discourse rhetoric and speech act of numerous parties who played an active part in these elections along with any written communication from the parties such as official party manifestos. I try to evaluate the tone that the parties tried to present, their clever usage of words or manner of writing and speech along with the sentiments that they tried to invoke in order to further their case.

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