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Evoluce karyotypu u pavouků čeledí Atypidae a Pholcidae
Pastuchová, Markéta ; Král, Jiří (vedoucí práce) ; Kočárek, Eduard (oponent)
Evolution of the karyotype in two spider families, Atypidae and Pholcidae (Araneae) Summary From cytogenetic point of view spiders are very diversified group, they exhibit great diversity in diploid chromosome number from 7 Ariadna lateralis (Segestriidae) up to 128 Cyclocosmia siamensis (Ctenizidae). Till recently karyotypes of almost all spiders were supposed to consist exclusively of acrocentric chromosomes including X1X20 sex chromosome system. However, this idea is based mostly on research of an advanced clade - entelegyne lineage of araneomorph spiders. Karyotypes of mygalomorph and haplogyne spiders remain nearly unexplored. Presented study is focused on cytogenetics of eight representatives of the family Pholcidae (Araneomorphae, Haplogyne) and Atypus piceus and A. affinis (Mygalomorphae, fam.Atypidae). Karyotypes, course of meiosis and distribution of nucleolar organizer regions (NOR) have been investigated in selected pholcid species and in one representative of the family Sicariidae (Araneomorphae, Haplogyne). Chromosomes of these groups are mostly biarmed (metacentric or submetacentric) and sex chromosome systems are diversified. Furthermore, distribution of constitutive heterochromatin and NOR has been analysed in A. piceus (2n0' = 41,XO) and A. affinis (2n0' = 14,XY). Key words: Atypidae,...
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Bannerová reklama na Internetu: Minulost, přítomnost, budoucnost
Pastuchová, Markéta ; Očko, Petr (vedoucí práce) ; Novák, Matěj (oponent)
Cílem této diplomové práce je podrobné představení problematiky bannerové reklamy, vysvětlení klíčových pojmů spjatých s tímto fenoménem a seznámení s historií, současností i novými trendy v této oblasti. Součástí je zasazení bannerové reklamy do širšího rámce internetového marketingu, historický vývoj a popis bannerových formátů nebo měření efektivity pomocí různých metod jako je click-through rate či dwell rate. V práci se věnuji jak bannerové slepotě, tak novým trendům jako je behaviorální či HTML5 reklama i umístění bannerů na nových platformách (mobilní stránky či komunitní weby). Na základě literárních pramenů, praktické části i za využití zkušeností z praxe je pak vyvozeno několik doporučení. Ta by měla vést k vyšší efektivitě bannerových kampaní.
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Evoluce karyotypu u pavouků čeledí Atypidae a Pholcidae
Pastuchová, Markéta ; Kočárek, Eduard (oponent) ; Král, Jiří (vedoucí práce)
Evolution of the karyotype in two spider families, Atypidae and Pholcidae (Araneae) Summary From cytogenetic point of view spiders are very diversified group, they exhibit great diversity in diploid chromosome number from 7 Ariadna lateralis (Segestriidae) up to 128 Cyclocosmia siamensis (Ctenizidae). Till recently karyotypes of almost all spiders were supposed to consist exclusively of acrocentric chromosomes including X1X20 sex chromosome system. However, this idea is based mostly on research of an advanced clade - entelegyne lineage of araneomorph spiders. Karyotypes of mygalomorph and haplogyne spiders remain nearly unexplored. Presented study is focused on cytogenetics of eight representatives of the family Pholcidae (Araneomorphae, Haplogyne) and Atypus piceus and A. affinis (Mygalomorphae, fam.Atypidae). Karyotypes, course of meiosis and distribution of nucleolar organizer regions (NOR) have been investigated in selected pholcid species and in one representative of the family Sicariidae (Araneomorphae, Haplogyne). Chromosomes of these groups are mostly biarmed (metacentric or submetacentric) and sex chromosome systems are diversified. Furthermore, distribution of constitutive heterochromatin and NOR has been analysed in A. piceus (2n0' = 41,XO) and A. affinis (2n0' = 14,XY). Key words: Atypidae,...
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