|
|
Study of Nanocomposites for Electrical Insulation
Klampár, Marián ; Mentlík, Václav (oponent) ; Váry,, Michal (oponent) ; Liedermann, Karel (vedoucí práce)
The dissertation thesis submitted deals with the study of dielectric properties of epoxy nanocomposites containing nanoparticles of inorganic oxides. These nanocomposites may have a promising technologic application for electric insulations in view of their higher resistance against partial discharges; yet information about their behavior in the course of ageing is not available. If at least a partial mass replacement of the currently used epoxy insulation with nanocomposite-based insulations is due to occur, the knowledge of the changes of their dielectric properties in the course of their operation will become indispensable. Within the framework of this dissertation, ensembles of samples of epoxy resins without fillers and with Al2O3, WO3, TiO2 and SiO2 fillers in the form of nanopowders, in concentrations up to 12 wt %, have been prepared. These ensembles have been measured prior to ageing and exposed to long-time (up to 5000 hours) ageing at increased temperatures 200, 250 and 300 °C and in a few cases also at 330 and 360 °C. Samples were measured in the course of ageing roughly in a logarithmic time series after 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000 and 5000 hours. The measured quantities included complex permittivity , internal resistivity i and loss factor tan at temperatures ranging from -153 °C to +167 °C and in the frequency range 10-2 – 106 Hz. Changes in nanocomposites have been investigated using not just dielectric spectroscopy measurements, but other methods, too, namely Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experiments have proved that materials with different fillers respond to the same concentrations of various fillers in different ways. The addition of nanoparticles, without the addition of microparticles, at a relatively low concentration (max 12 wt %), was not sufficient for reaching fundamental changes in dielectric spectrum; only smaller changes of dielectric strength and shifts of relaxations and in relaxation maps have occurred. Out of more pronounced changes, increase of concentration of the SiO2 filler in the epoxy matrix brings about a decrease of electrical conductivity in the resulting nanocomposite. The TiO2 filler had a different impact. Different TiO2 concentrations make their marked appearance in the region between the relaxation and relaxation. The TiO2-filled nanocomposites do not exhibit the unambiguous dependence of electrical conductivity on nanofiller concentration. It can be concluded that the mere addition of nanoparticles, without the addition of established microparticles, does not change the dielectric spectrum substantially. Generally, a serious problem was the production of the nanocomposite with a uniform distribution of nanoparticles. The preparation of such a nanocomposite was not trivial and, in industrial applications, this issue will require a specific focus, so as to avoid the formation of undesirable aggregates. Within the framework of this research, a methodology for the production of an epoxy nanocomposite has been developed with as high as possible uniformity of nanoparticle distribution.
|
|
|
Design of Communication system among Moving Vehicles
Klampár, Marián ; Polívka, Michal (oponent) ; Škorpil, Vladislav (vedoucí práce)
The purpose of this thesis is to show up possibilities of inter-vehicle communication and to introduce new approaches in communication for the purpose of enhancing the security and the fluency of vehicle transportation. This thesis also highlights vulnerabilities in communication. The main goal is the analysis of existing technology and the design of protocol for data transfer with focus on minimizing handover time of informations. Part of the design is a simulation of communication based on acquired information.
|
|
|
Study of Nanocomposites for Electrical Insulation
Klampár, Marián ; Mentlík, Václav (oponent) ; Váry,, Michal (oponent) ; Liedermann, Karel (vedoucí práce)
The dissertation thesis submitted deals with the study of dielectric properties of epoxy nanocomposites containing nanoparticles of inorganic oxides. These nanocomposites may have a promising technologic application for electric insulations in view of their higher resistance against partial discharges; yet information about their behavior in the course of ageing is not available. If at least a partial mass replacement of the currently used epoxy insulation with nanocomposite-based insulations is due to occur, the knowledge of the changes of their dielectric properties in the course of their operation will become indispensable. Within the framework of this dissertation, ensembles of samples of epoxy resins without fillers and with Al2O3, WO3, TiO2 and SiO2 fillers in the form of nanopowders, in concentrations up to 12 wt %, have been prepared. These ensembles have been measured prior to ageing and exposed to long-time (up to 5000 hours) ageing at increased temperatures 200, 250 and 300 °C and in a few cases also at 330 and 360 °C. Samples were measured in the course of ageing roughly in a logarithmic time series after 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500, 1000, 2000 and 5000 hours. The measured quantities included complex permittivity , internal resistivity i and loss factor tan at temperatures ranging from -153 °C to +167 °C and in the frequency range 10-2 – 106 Hz. Changes in nanocomposites have been investigated using not just dielectric spectroscopy measurements, but other methods, too, namely Fourier-transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experiments have proved that materials with different fillers respond to the same concentrations of various fillers in different ways. The addition of nanoparticles, without the addition of microparticles, at a relatively low concentration (max 12 wt %), was not sufficient for reaching fundamental changes in dielectric spectrum; only smaller changes of dielectric strength and shifts of relaxations and in relaxation maps have occurred. Out of more pronounced changes, increase of concentration of the SiO2 filler in the epoxy matrix brings about a decrease of electrical conductivity in the resulting nanocomposite. The TiO2 filler had a different impact. Different TiO2 concentrations make their marked appearance in the region between the relaxation and relaxation. The TiO2-filled nanocomposites do not exhibit the unambiguous dependence of electrical conductivity on nanofiller concentration. It can be concluded that the mere addition of nanoparticles, without the addition of established microparticles, does not change the dielectric spectrum substantially. Generally, a serious problem was the production of the nanocomposite with a uniform distribution of nanoparticles. The preparation of such a nanocomposite was not trivial and, in industrial applications, this issue will require a specific focus, so as to avoid the formation of undesirable aggregates. Within the framework of this research, a methodology for the production of an epoxy nanocomposite has been developed with as high as possible uniformity of nanoparticle distribution.
|
|
|
Design of Communication system among Moving Vehicles
Klampár, Marián ; Polívka, Michal (oponent) ; Škorpil, Vladislav (vedoucí práce)
The purpose of this thesis is to show up possibilities of inter-vehicle communication and to introduce new approaches in communication for the purpose of enhancing the security and the fluency of vehicle transportation. This thesis also highlights vulnerabilities in communication. The main goal is the analysis of existing technology and the design of protocol for data transfer with focus on minimizing handover time of informations. Part of the design is a simulation of communication based on acquired information.
|
|
|
Surface examination of ultra-sharp cold field-emission cathode
Knápek, A. ; Brüstlová, J. ; Trčka, T. ; Klampár, M. ; Mikmeková, Šárka
An experimental cold field-emission cathode, based on metal-oxide-insulator structure has been analyzed by several non-destructive evaluation methods in order to describe the material properties and electrical behaviour of the sample. Owing to the fact that the tip of the cathode reaches nanoscopic-scale, several different evaluation methods have been incorporated. Firstly, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), along with the electron dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was performed to describe general proportions of the shape and the abundance of elements present in the surface layer. Secondly, the scanning low-energy electron microscopy (SLEEM) was applied in order to visualize the crystalline microstructure of the cathode surface. Finally, the epoxy coating covering the cathode tip was characterised using the dielectric relaxation spectroscopy (DRS) method.
|
host ::
RSS.