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Microfltration nanofibrous membrane for wastewater treatment
Lev, J. ; Holba, Marek ; Došek, M. ; Kalhotka, L. ; Detvanová, L. ; Dostálová, L. ; Přichystalová, J. ; Vincent, I. ; Kimmer, D.
Pilot testing of nanofiber membrane module demonstrated long-term stability of the filtration process in activated sludge and showed the applicability in real-world conditions at the wastewater treatment plant. Microbial contamination of samples of the filtrate reached log removal 2 CFU/mL. Filtration in combination with UV irradiation resulted in a reduction of microbial contamination under required legislative standards. These results supported our assumptions to use nanofibre membranes in membrane bioreactor. Regeneration, optimization and antifouling surface treatment will be another step to increase the competitiveness of nanofiber membranes for water treatment.
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Bacteria deactivation and removal from Wastewater and polluted Air
Kimmer, D. ; Vincent, I. ; Dudák, J. ; Bergerová, E. ; Petras, D. ; Lev, J. ; Holba, Marek ; Kalhotka, L. ; Mikula, Přemysl ; Kořínková, R. ; Kubáč, L.
Procedures permitting to prepare homogeneous functionalized nanofibre structures based on polyurethanes modified by phthalocyanines (PCs) by employing a suitable combination of variables during the electrospinning process are presented. Compared are filtration and bacteria deactivation properties of nanostructures without PCs, modified in bulk and with PCs embedded into polyurethane chain by a covalent bond protecting the release of active organic compound during the filtration process. Finding that the functionalized nanofibre structures have an effect on bacterial growth was confirmed by microbiological, physico-chemical and molecular biological analyses, such as the inoculation in a nutrient agar culture medium, flow cytometry and real-time polymerase chain reaction.
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Experimental Study on Bacteria Removal from Artificial and Real Wastewater by Nanofibrous Filters
Lev, J. ; Holba, Marek ; Kalhotka, L. ; Mikula, Přemysl ; Kimmer, D.
Unique properties of electrospun nanofibrous materials could be utilized in various environmental technologies, e.g. bacteria removal from water. Recent studies show various removal efficiencies of bacteria and particulated matter by nanofibrous filters. Our article presents results from filtration tests through polyurethane nanofibrous material on short-term scale with artificial wastewater and also results from tests with real wastewater. We determined E. coli abundances in artificial and real wastewaters and the amount of the other hygienically important bacteria in real wastewater samples only. The results show possibility of long-term full-scale application of those materials, however some material modifications are needed to be accomplished.
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Can Nanofibers Replace Current Microfiltration Materials?
Lev, J. ; Holba, Marek ; Došek, M. ; Kalhotka, L. ; Kimmer, D.
The electrospun nanofibrous material M247 can be used as antimicrobial filter. Laboratory tests show high removal value (up to 6 log10 CFU/mL) and similar filtration efficiency compared filter Pragopor 6, presently used for sterilization of liquids in laboratories. Semi-pilot test confirmed good mechanical endurance and high removal efficiency. Our study showed high removal value with non-functionalized nanofibrous material despite of other cited studies. These results confirm our expectations, that nanofibrous material can replace the current filtration materials for laboratory use.
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Využití průtokové cytometrie pro detekci účinnosti filtrace bakterií v procesech čištění odpadních vod
Mikula, Přemysl ; Lev, J. ; Kalhotka, L. ; Holba, Marek ; Kimmer, D. ; Maršálek, Blahoslav ; Vítězová, M.
Cílem studie bylo detekovat účinnost filtrace vzorků vodních suspenzí bakteriálních kultur E. coli resp. odtoků z čistíren odpadních vod pomocí různých druhů filtračních (nano)materiálů. Účinnost filtrace byla posuzována nejen pomocí standardně používaných kultivačních technik, ale také pomocí průtokové cytometrie (FCM). Přestože účinnost filtrace některých vzorků stanovená kultivačně byla velmi vysoká (>99%), bylo zjištěno, že proces filtrace těchto vzorků zároveň nemusí nutně mít stejně výrazný vliv na změnu celkových počtů bakterií detekovaných ve filtrovaném vzorku pomocí průtokové cytometrie. Průtokovou cytometrii lze tedy chápat jako perspektivní plnohodnotnou analytickou metodu pro odhad efektivity procesů čištění odpadních vod, která má v porovnání s kultivací některé nevýhody (obtížná standardizace), ale také četné výhody (rychlost, podmínky měření odpovídající realitě).
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