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Relativistic effects in plasma produced with sub-nanosecond 3-TW laser
Krása, J. ; Klír, Daniel ; Řezáč, Karel ; Cikhardt, Jakub ; Krůs, Miroslav ; Velyhan, Andriy ; Pfeifer, Miroslav ; Dostál, Jan ; Dudžák, Roman ; Krupka, Michal ; Kaufman, J. ; Pisarczyk, T. ; Kalinowska, Z. ; Chodukowski, T.
This contribution deals with observations of relativistic electrons produced in a laser plasma interaction experiment at the PALS laser system operated at the Institute of Plasma Physics in Prague. The PALS laser is a near-infrared 3-TW iodine laser designed to deliver irradiance on target of 1016 Wcm2- in≈300 ps pulses at the wavelength of 1.315 μm. Various foils of 6 500 μm in thickness were irradiated with Iλ2 ≈5×1016 W cm-2 μm2 Under these conditions we have observed relativistic electrons expanding into the vacuum with maximum energy going beyond 4 MeV. The relativistically accelerated forward electrons escaping from the rear target surface were observed with the use of electron energy analysers. The observed electron energy spectra indicate that the applied laser intensity was increased by the thermal and relativistic self-focusing. The application of a unique femtosecond interferometry technique allowed us to observe bunches of thermal electrons occurring in the plasma expanding against the focused laser beam.

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