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A Kitchen Degreaser Containing Monoethanolamine Can Alter Indoor Aerosol Composition for Days.
Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Makeš, Otakar ; Ondráček, Jakub ; Cusack, Michael ; Talbot, Nicholas ; Vodička, Petr ; Kubelová, Lucie ; Ždímal, Vladimír
Using of such degreaser and consequences related to indoor aerosol are described in this study. Monoethanolamine, a part of a commercial degreaser being used in kitchens, was able to replace ammonium in its sulfate and nitrate salts in the indoor environment, while those salts usually form up to half of PM2.5 aerosol mass indoors.
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22017103110530 - PDF Plný text: content.csg - PDF
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Transformation of Aerosol Particles during Transport from Outdoor to Indoor Environment.
Ondráček, Jakub ; Talbot, Nicholas ; Kubelová, Lucie ; Makeš, Otakar ; Cusack, Michael ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Vodička, Petr ; Zíková, Naděžda ; Ždímal, Vladimír
One summer (2014) and one winter (2015) campaign (both lasting three weeks) were conducted to assess the indoor/outdoor physical and chemical properties of aerosol in an unoccupied apartment. The main purpose of these campaigns was to observe the changes in aerosol particles before and after their transport from outdoors to indoors. The most important parameter – the I/O ratio was obtained from indoor/outdoor measurements of aerosol number size distribution as well as chemical composition. The I/O ratios can reveal the changes in particle size and physicochemical characteristics indoors in relation to the size distribution and chemical composition outdoors, and physical parameters such as wind speed, temperature, and RH.
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22017103110370 - PDF Plný text: content.csg - PDF
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Chemické složení PM2,5 na venkovské pozaďové stanici Košetice.
Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Cusack, Michael ; Karban, Jindřich ; Chalupníčková, E. ; Havránek, Vladimír ; Smolík, Jiří ; Ždímal, Vladimír
Měření atmosférických aerosolů na venkovských pozaďových lokalitách jsou důležitá, protože nejsou ovlivněna městskými emisemi, a jsou proto vhodnější pro zkoumání vlivu dálkového transportu a dlouho¬dobých trendů koncentrací jednotlivých polutantů. Shrnutí měření celkových koncentrací a koncentrací ně¬kterých složek PM10 a PM25 bylo provedeno v pracích Putauda et al. (2004, 2010). Ačkoliv pozdější z prací zahrnovala měření z více než 60 stanic po celé Evropě, z postkomunistických zemí obsahovala údaje o PM25 pouze ze čtyř lokalit (Praha, Debrecen, a dvě venkovské maďarské lokality). Ačkoli Košetice, místo kde byla provedena tato studie, jsou ve studii Putauda et al. (2010) také zmíněny, jednalo se u nich pouze o PM10 a celkový uhlík (TC).\nProto bylo cílem této studie tuto informační mezeru vyplnit, a poskytnout další informace týkající se frakce PM25 a jejího složení na středoevropské pozaďové stanici Košetice.
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22016110313110 - PDF Plný text: content.csg - PDF
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I/O Aerosol in Kindergarten - Case Study.
Ondráček, Jakub ; Talbot, Nicholas ; Cusack, Michael ; Vodička, Petr ; Ždímal, Vladimír ; Schwarz, Jaroslav
In last decades, people spend more and more time indoors. When various indoor sources are present, the indoor air quality is driven mainly by these sources. Without the presence of significant indoor sources, the situation is very different and the concentration of aerosol particles in indoor environment follows behavior of outdoor particles (taking into account losses of aerosol particles due to deposition on indoor surfaces and during penetration indoors. Many epidemiological studies show direct link between dose/exposition to fine (< 1µm) and ultrafine (< 100 nm) particles and adverse health effects. With regards to the fact that indoor environment is besides the adults occupied usually also by kids in longer time periods, it is very important to study the indoor environment in a great detail and to understand the behavior of aerosol particles indoors. In the case of the kids being exposed to the indoor aerosol particles, the adverse health effect can be more pronounced and the consequences more dangerous. Nevertheles, at the same time it is necessary to monitor the outdoor environment as well by observing its changing daily pattern and trying to identify the possible sources of outdoor air pollution.\n
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22016102412233 - PDF Plný text: content.csg - PDF
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Particle Size, Mass and Chemical Transitions from an Outdoor to Indoor Environment in Prague, Czech Republic with Attention to Nitrate
Talbot, Nicholas ; Kubelová, Lucie ; Makeš, Otakar ; Cusack, Michael ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Vodička, Petr ; Ondráček, Jakub ; Ždímal, Vladimír
As people spend most of their time indoors it’s important to understand how outdoor originating particulate can migrate indoors, their relative abundance indoors and how physico-chemical processes acting upon particulate can change the overall aerosol composition. Species volatility can complicate indoor data, change mass size distribution profiles, and implant artifacts on data measurements, enhancing uncertainty on results. This research describes the findings from high temporal resolution I/O, offline and online measurements, identifies outdoor aerosol loading dynamics and describes proportional compositions indoors relative to calculated I/O ratios.
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22015102910281 - PDF Plný text: content.csg - PDF
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Variability of Aerosols and Chemical Composition of PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 on the Platform of the Prague Underground Metro
Cusack, Michael ; Talbot, Nicholas ; Ondráček, Jakub ; Minguillon, M.-C. ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Otáhal, P. ; Klouda, K. ; Ždímal, Vladimír
The aim of this study is to describe aerosol concentrations and variability, and chemically characterise PM sampled during a 24 hour period on a platform of the Prague underground metro system. To this end, PM and particle number concentration and size distribution are described, and the chemical composition of PM in various size fractions is discussed, both for periods when the metro was out of operation and operational.
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22014102013562 - PDF Plný text: content.csg - PDF
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Trends of PM2.5 and Chemical Composition in at a Regional Backround Site in the Western Mediteranean over the Past Nine Years
Cusack, Michael ; Alastuey, A. ; Perez, N. ; Pey, J. ; Querol, X.
The findings in this article provide good evidence that the implementation of Pollution abatement strategies in Europr is having a direct effect on the level of PM2.5 and its various components. It is also hypothesised that the current economic climate, in reccesion since mid 2008 in Spain and many counties in Europe, is also affecting atmospheric pollutants through a reduction in activities associated with a healthy economy. A reduction in PM2.5 concentrations has been observed in Spain and across Europe, in most cases, this reduction has been gradual and consistent over time, implying the success of cleaner anthropogenic activities. Additional to this progressive trend, in some cases and especially for RB stations in the IP and Ispra in nothern Italy, a marked decrease has been recorded since 2008, coinciding with the begidding of the economic crisis. Finally, large scale meteorology has been shown to be an important influental factor on ambient aerosol concentrations across the Iberian Peninsula, with the North Atlantic Oscillation controlling the frequency of Sahara dust instrusions across the Iberian Peninsula in winter. Specially at MSY, organic matter and secondary inorganic aerosol accounted for the majority of the reduction observed.
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22013112516390 - PDF Plný text: content.csg - PDF
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