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VOLUMETRIC WEAR ANALYSIS OF HIP JOINT IMPLANTS BY OPTICAL METHODS
Ranuša, Matúš ; Bryant, Dr Michael (oponent) ; Dr Prashant K. Sharma (oponent) ; Vrbka, Martin (vedoucí práce)
This dissertation thesis deals with wear analysis of total hip replacements (THR) using optical methods. We introduced a new approach to volumetric wear assessments of polyethylene liners using a 3D optical scanner. The new approach brought benefits of time-efficient measurements, large number of points collected for post-processing, the possibility to create pre-worn models of retrieved samples as well as the possibility to exclude damages caused by surgeon during revision surgeries. The method was validated by gravimetric method according to the ISO 14242 Standard. The new approach was then used in three studies focusing on wear rate and mechanical changes of polyethylene liners. In the studies, the analysis of polyethylene liners geometry was followed by a detailed surface analysis of contact areas down to the microstructural level. Clinical history data for 23 retrieved liners combined with wear analysis showed several issues affecting failure of the polyethylene implants. We worked with Bicon-plus type implants, that are widely used in clinical practice in the Czech Republic. Structural surface analysis of the retrieved samples showed several different wear mechanisms such as adhesion/abrasion, pitting, delamination and plastic deformation. Analysis of material behaviour showed mechanical changes and chemical degradation in retrieved prostheses which mostly correlated with the wear depth. Investigated samples showed plastic deformations, an increased oxidation index and lower hardness to elasticity ratio compared to the new samples. Creep phenomenon or plastic deformation, which was investigated in the final part of thesis, occurred in all the retrieved samples. Further in vitro testing showed presence of creep in the run-in phase of implants. This thesis aimed to introduce a new approach to wear analysis using the optical scanning method and to apply the new approach for investigations of surface geometry of retrieved polyethylene liners. The method proved to be a suitable method for investigations of retrieved polyethylene liners helping to better understand the processes leading to implant failures.

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