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The Cross-Country and Cross-Sectoral Study of TFP and its Determinants
 Bogren, Michael ; Semerák, Vilém (vedoucí práce) ; Baxa, Jaromír (oponent)
This paper examines the impact of R&D and share of merchandise exports on total factor productivity in the 15 OECD countries through 1996-2009. The paper also discusses the inclusion of the human capital variable in influencing the TFP. The domestic R&D stocks are based on domestic industry-specific R&D. The share of merchandising exports is sector- invariant. We use the random effects to control for unobserved heterogeneity. In this case, the unobserved heterogeneity reflects the differences in trade and R&D policies. The main findings we have obtained are: i) the R&D stocks have a positive impact on TFP based on the random effects model, ii) the exports have a positive and significant impact on TFP, especially in the manufacturing sector.
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The Alcohol monopoly in Sweden and the potential hazards of privatization
 Bogren, Michael ; Patáková, Magdalena (vedoucí práce) ; Hlaváček, Jiří (oponent)
My main task is to investigate the potential consequences of privatization by relying in microeconomic concepts, theories and comparison of different models. In addition the main aim of the paper is to show that the enforcement of monopoly is the best method on how to reduce alcohol consumption and therefore alcohol-related harm. The research includes theoretical background with regards to taxation, quotas and microeconomic perspectives such as income and substitution effects. The data and theory should support the claim that privatization will decrease prices and therefore increase consumption. The theory of perfect competition will show the theory behind the potential effects of privatization. In addition the abolishment of import quota should increase the consumption as well.
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