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Ireland's Non Recognition of Palestine
Slattery, Joseph ; Kissack, Robert (vedoucí práce) ; Augusteijn, Joost (oponent)
Through seven semi-structured interviews with elite political figures, utilising a constitutive recognition theoretical framework, this paper bridges a gap in the academic literature where modern study of Irish state recognition practices, their place in the European Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) framework and Ireland's non-recognition of Palestine are largely absent. Results reveal Irish recognition policy is now constitutive, with political considerations driving decisions at the expense of legal criteria that might support Palestinian statehood. In absence of consensus, Ireland is unwilling to act independently of EU partners to recognise Palestine, preferring to remain aligned with European and international allies. Since 2014, building consensus on Palestinian affairs like recognition has become increasingly difficult. A split in the current coalition government between Fine Gael and Fianna Fáil on when to recognise Palestine was revealed, reflecting a wider trend of divergence on the issue at the EU level. Ireland is struggling to hold Palestine's position on the agenda in an EU distracted by geopolitical challenges, divided on the Palestinian question, and increasingly sceptical of maintaining common foreign policy positions. The research question is worth answering, as examining...
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"United in Diversity" ...or by Education? - Reviewing the Role of Education in Identification with Europe
Guevara Castro, Ariadna Valeria ; Menés, Jorge Rodríguez (vedoucí práce) ; Augusteijn, Joost (oponent)
The forging of a European identity is an essential part of overcoming challenges to European integration. However, existing literature indicates that those who identify the most as European, often represent a homogenous elite that is not reflective of the diversity present in Europe. Based on Inglehart's (1970) Cognitive Mobilization Hypothesis, education is often argued to be a pathway through which European identity can become more accessible. Given growing investments and integration in European higher education, this paper seeks to reevaluate the role of education categorically, and how its effect on identification with Europe may be moderated by one's financial background and rural or urban residence. Moreover, the paper investigates whether country-level participation in educational mobility programs can impact individual-level identification with Europe. Making use of the latest wave of the survey on European Solidarity, a multilevel continuous model was employed for empirical analysis. The results show that when education is examined categorically, master's and doctoral degrees significantly increase identification with Europe, and the relationship between education and identification with Europe was not moderated by financial status or residence area type. Furthermore, coming from a country with...
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Dual multiscalarities: The effect of economic inequality on the populist radical right vote at different electoral levels
Zijlma, Jonah Guido ; Augusteijn, Joost (vedoucí práce) ; Rodón, Toni (oponent)
The primary theme of this thesis is bringing together the multiscalarity of locally determined economic inequality with the multiscalarity of different electoral levels. It asks how economic inequality-between contiguous neighbourhoods, within districts, and within municipalities-affects populist radical right voting at different electoral levels-in European Parliament, national parliamentary, and provincial elections in the Netherlands between 2012 and 2019. This thesis' academic contributions are twofold. Firstly, it innovatively places scholarship on economic inequality and populist radical right parties in the context of the literature on second-order elections, which by itself already sees little rigorous cross-electoral analysis (but cf. Cabeza, 2018). It thereby adds a novel dimension to discussions in urban studies on locally restricted contextual factors predicting populist radical right voting and polarisation (Gravelle et al., 2021). Secondly, it adds to established economic inequality literature: first, by re-emphasising the significance of a consistent psycho-perceptual causal mechanism through which effects arise, and furthermore by following Cremaschi et al. (2022) in expanding the study beyond classic indicators of inequality to encompass public service access, too.
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The 2015 Migration Crisis and Mainstream Left-wing Parties' Positions on Immigration
Kamel, Riham ; Torcal, Mariano (vedoucí práce) ; Augusteijn, Joost (oponent)
Undoubtedly the question of immigration is currently a divisive political issue in Europe, on both national and Union levels, particularly following the 2015 intense influx of migrants fleeing armed conflicts in the Middle-East. How these recent influxes of immigrants and refugees impacted party politics in Europe? Considering that the literature does not offer conclusive explanations for mainstream left-wing parties' strategies towards immigration issues, this research analyzes the effect of the 2015 migration crisis on mainstream left-wing parties' attention to and stances on immigration. Using the data of the Comparative Manifesto Project (MARPOR), this research tests two main hypotheses: firstly, whether the 2015 migration crisis increased the saliency of immigration for mainstream left-wing parties, and secondly, whether the crisis induced a negative shift in the stances of these parties on immigration. The sample comprises eighteen political parties from thirteen European countries. The results are consistent with the first hypothesis, showing that the saliency of immigration in the studied parties' manifestos significantly inflated after 2015. The study finds that several mainstream left-wing parties adopt increased anti-immigrant stances in the wake of the 2015 migration crisis. Powered by TCPDF...
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Explaining East-Central Europe's Low Level of Terrorist Activities Compared to Western Europe
Schöppl, Paul ; Augusteijn, Joost (vedoucí práce) ; Stępka, Maciej (oponent)
The aim of this Master's thesis is to explain the seemingly relatively low extent of terrorist activity in the eastern central European states of Poland, the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary between 1991 and 2019. The region has been comparatively little studied regarding terrorism. Using a variety of data from the GTD database and the UN Population database, statistical methods are used in this Master's thesis to examine the extent of terrorism in European states and predefined regions relative to their populations. The results demonstrate that, on a weighted average per million inhabitants, nine times as many people were killed by terrorist activities in Western Europe as in the four east-central European states. To examine this in more detail, France, Belgium, the Netherlands and Germany as well as the four east-central European states were examined regarding jihadist and rightwing terrorism. A more detailed analysis of the statistical results showed that the differences between the individual states were at least as significant as those between the defined regions. The structured focused comparison of the eight states demonstrated that political opportunities for members of radical social movements could, at least in part, explain the differences in the extent of terrorist activities between the...
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Domestic scrutiny of European Affairs and parliamentary activity in inter- parliamentary conference on Common Foreign and Security Policy/Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP)
Ichqitidze, Ana ; Karagiannis, Yannis (vedoucí práce) ; Augusteijn, Joost (oponent)
National parliaments in EU's Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) and Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) have been reckoned as the neglected institutions for a very long time. After occupying the major field of debates over the democratic deficit throughout the EU, National Parliaments have been granted the unique and quite complex space in EU governance of security and defence policies with later one being full of obscurity. Transcending the formally intergovernmental status of CFSP/ CSDP, National Parliaments through the inter-parliamentary conference ('IPC') displayed supranational and multi-layered parliamentary scrutiny elements. According to this, I suggest that different scrutiny mechanisms and constitutional traditions of parliamentarism in member states, affect the performance of national parliaments across the inter-parliamentary cooperation. Therefore, Paper further develops the idea that parliaments as chief negotiators have predetermined win-sets set by parliamentary scrutiny and they can't have any leeway to manoeuvre as already being constrained domestically, by pre-emptive scrutiny process Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Political Engagement and Identity Awareness among Czech-Vietnamese University Students
Lee, Shang-Yen ; Young, Mitchell (vedoucí práce) ; Augusteijn, Joost (oponent)
Cílem této diplomové práce je výzkum občanské a politické angažovanosti u vysokoškolských studentů hlásícím se k vietnamské národnosti, kteří jsou považováni za druhou generaci vietnamské komunity žijící v České republice. Odborná literatura počítá s plnou integrací druhé generace vietnamské menšiny žijící v České republice. Hypotéza této práce je postavena polemice s odbornou literaturou a předpokládá, že se většina vysokoškolských studentů vietnamské národnosti z druhé generace vietnamské komunity žijících v České republice stále setkává s různými společenskými překážkami, které ovlivňují jejich ochotu se politicky nebo občansky angažovat. Zvolenou metodou je kvalitativní sociologický výzkum, konkrétně polo- strukturovaný rozhovor s patnácti studenty vietnamské národnosti, kteří studují na vysokých školách v Praze. Výsledky výzkumu nejen potvrzují hypotézu a prokazují úzkou provázanost politické angažovanosti s občanskou angažovaností a identitou menšin, ale objevují, že u cílové skupiny existuje rozdíl v přístupu k politické a občanské angažovanosti. Tato práce v závěru poukazuje na potřebu přehodnotit tradiční typologie politické angažovanosti.
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