Doctoral theses

Doctoral theses 22,006 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Adriena Šimotová - Images That Are Neither from Themselves Nor for Themselves: Reflections on Communication in the Artist's Work
Brunclík, Pavel ; Benyovszky, Ladislav (advisor) ; Petříček, Miroslav (referee) ; Bajcurová, Katarína (referee)
Adriena Šimotová - Images That Are Neither from Themselves Nor for Themselves: Reflections on Communication in the Artist's Work Mgr. Pavel Brunclík Abstract Adriena Šimotová is an outstanding figure in Czech visual arts and Czech culture in general. Beyond the aspects of art history, it may be useful to address the interpretation of Šimotová's life and work using the interpretive approaches of the philosophical thinking of her time. The focus of the present paper relates to the subject matter which strongly determines Šimotová's art: themes of communication, communicative relations, and the relationship between communication and imagery. This corresponds to the choice of authors whose texts are referred to: Martin Buber, Karl Jaspers, and Emmanuel Levinas. The first chapter addresses the formation of the artist's personality and the development of her creative orientation from her early years to the late 1970s. The second chapter discusses the key moments and elements of her artistic expression in the 1980. The third chapter presents the final stages of her lifelong work. An interpretive approach underpinned by references to selected works by the above authors appears useful. It demonstrates that the communicative aspects of Šimotová's art are vital for her and the interpretation of her work. I worked with...
Theoretical, Practical and Research Aspects of Catechetical Work with Adults in the Context of the Czechoslovak Hussite Church
Matějková, Veronika ; Liguš, Ján (advisor) ; Noble, Ivana (referee) ; Kaplánek, Michal (referee)
1 Abstract The aim of the presented thesis was to compactly document and evaluate the theoretical, practical and research aspects of catechetical work from the perspective of practical theology with adults in the CzHCh from its foundation (1920) to the present (2018). In this paper we used a mixed method, i.e. a combination of qualitative and quantitative questioning, according to the Danish theologian Van der Ven. Specifically, the method of historical-critical analysis of the source material was predominant in the second chapter, mainly analysing all available printed (books, scripts, journal articles, congregational documents) and other CzHCh sources dealing with adult catechesis in the CzHCh. The analysis of the sources was combined with discursive analysis and a diachronic method tracing the changes or development of phenomena between periods. In the third chapter, using an empirical-exploratory method, we presented the research with an author-designed questionnaire survey. Some of the data were supplemented by authorized interviews with memoirists. This work can now serve as a basic practical-theological analysis 2 for the development of adult catechesis in the current CzHCh, for the future IX. Ordinary Assembly of the CzHCh (2024). At the same time, this work is a contribution to the field of...
Execution of imprisonment from the point of view of convicted men
Drahoňovský, Jan ; Podaná, Zuzana (advisor) ; Dirga, Lukáš (referee) ; Nedbálková, Kateřina (referee)
PhDr. Jan Drahoňovský EXECUTION OF IMPRISONMENT FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF CONVICTED MEN 2023 Abstract The subject of this thesis is serving of prison sentences by male prisoners in standard prisons in Czech Republic. The aim is to develop a theoretical model of the social stock of knowledge of convicts, which serves them to organize their daily experience and to navigate their sentence. To do this, qualitative field research was conducted in a typical high security prison. Data was collected in the form of twelve unstructured interviews that were subsequently analyzed by reflexive thematic analysis methodology (Braun & Clarke, 2022). Based on the results of the analysis, a theoretical model was constructed. It consists of six interrelated themes that form a body of social knowledge of convicts. The results were discussed in relation to existing knowledge, the methodology used, validity and potential applications to penitentiary practice. Keywords Sociology of prison life, execution of imprisonment, convict, social constructivism, field research, reflexive thematic analysis
Genetic background of liver cirrhosis complications
Šenkeříková, Renáta ; Špičák, Julius (advisor) ; Brůha, Radan (referee) ; Husová, Libuše (referee)
Liver cirrhosis represents the end stage of most chronic liver diseases. The course of the disease and its complications can be significantly influenced by host genetic factors and the severity of portal hypertension (PH). The aim of the study was to describe the role of genetic factors influencing the progression and complications of liver disease and to determine the role of non-invasive assessment of the stage of liver fibrosis and severity of PH and their correlation with portosystemic gradient (HVPG) measurements. We first focused on the role of allelic variants in TLR4 signalling pathway genes in the risk of occurrence of severe bacterial infections in patients with advanced liver cirrhosis, liver transplant (LT) candidates. We found that the TNFA c.-238G/A promoter variant significantly reduced the risk of bacterial infections and was associated with a decreased mortality rate. We further investigated the role of the variant G allele in PNPLA3 gene in the progression of chronic liver failure and the need for LT in patients with liver cirrhosis due to HCV infection. As a result, we found that the carriage of the variant G allele led to a faster progression of chronic liver failure and the need for LT at a younger age. Third, we investigated whether the efficacy of triple combination treatment...
The effect of air pollution on oxidative stress markers in newborns
Ambrož, Antonín ; Rössner, Pavel (advisor) ; Rubeš, Jiří (referee) ; Gábelová, Alena (referee)
In everyday life, humans are exposed to toxic substances of anthropogenic origin. These substances can also be found in the ambient air and their impact poses a long-term risk for human health. Respirable particulate matter (PM) of aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 µm (PM2.5) is intensively studied, along with carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), bound to it, such as benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), a reference carcinogenic PAH. Owing to small size, PM2.5 can penetrate the human body primarily via the airways and represent an increased health risk compared to larger particles. The negative health impacts of anthropogenic PM2.5, generated e.g. by fossil fuel combustion, are linked with its small size, relatively large surface, as well as with PAHs and other substances adsorbed on PM surface. PAHs, generated by an incomplete combustion of organic matter, can enter organism either via ingestion of contaminated food, water or via inhalation of polluted air. PAHs affect organisms via genotoxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic, embryotoxic and other adverse effects. One of the common denominators of these effects is oxidative stress, which is also considered to be the main mechanism of action caused by PM in the human organism. Oxidative damage induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) may affect any cellular...
Geopolitics of Border Hardening: Protecting Statehood through Re-territorialisation
Mičko, Branislav ; Romancov, Michael (advisor) ; Doboš, Bohumil (referee) ; Lepič, Martin (referee)
The presented dissertation seeks to answer why states construct barriers on their borders. In order to provide an answer, a new theoretical approach is proposed based on re-reading the works of Carl Schmitt. The offered theory builds upon existing scholarship and is centred around the concept of nomos, defined as a political order consisting of a performative way of life and land division that is underlying the political existence of states. The basic argument advanced here is that border barriers are constructed against hard-to-identify strangers to this order. Seven case studies are offered where the process of barrier construction is tracked back- to-back with various developments pertaining to the identified nomos. The results confirm the existence of hard-to-identify strangers challenging the respective nomos in different ways and their role in the process leading to the barrier construction. For the study of border barriers, this implies the importance of the issue of strangeness and identification in predicting barrier construction. The work also demonstrates nomos' potential usefulness as an analytic prism for geopolitical research.
Make a monument over the grave of the dead. Material funeral culture of the early-modern period using Prague as an example.
Jarošová, Eva ; Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Bůžek, Václav (referee) ; Jakubec, Ondřej (referee)
The dissertation presents monuments of material funerary culture, especially tombstones and stone epitaphs from the period 1500-1650 in the territory of Prague. The work analyzes 592 records of these monuments and evaluates them from a functional and content perspective. It deals with their dating, location, and material, as well as their appearance, content of the inscription and script. The findings are put into the context of European and Czech funerary art. When compared with Czech, and especially foreign material, the culture of Prague tombstones appears to be very modest to indistinct, completely lacking some forms or even types of monuments. One reason for this particularity is the character of Prague as a royal city, which provided an exclusive, but rarely continuous burial space. The second reason is the long-term Protestant environment in the city, which had a strong impact on moderation in the visual arts. This is also related to the non-development of portrait sculpture, which was considered too luxurious. On the other hand, confession as such plays a rather marginal role in the culture of Prague tombstones and stone epitaphs, and is expressed mainly by the choice of burial place. Keywords: early modern period, epitaphs, funerary culture, Prague, tombstones
Revenants in the Early Modern Period in Bohemian Lands with regard to the European Context
Chalupová, Helena ; Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Sládek, Miloš (referee) ; Prchal Pavlíčková, Radmila (referee)
The dissertation presents a comprehensive view of the issue of revenants in the environment of the Bohemia lands of the early modern period, i.e., between 1500 and 1800, in which the dichotomy of the official attitudes of the Church on the one hand and the popular view of the afterlife on the other is intertwined. The thesis contains a representative sample of revenant stories from the early modern period, on which socio-cultural subthemes in which ghosts play a role are studied. In particular, the popular "haunted house" and "Mass of Dead" stories have deeper roots in the past, and their typical features and development are discussed in detail. The key role of religion is acknowledged, and the concept of purgatory was particularly relevant to the Bohemian lands in the Baroque period. Many cases are of telling value for the study of the history of emotions and for the understanding of contemporary socio-cultural attitudes. The observed phenomena are compared with aspects of the same in other countries of the European continent - Great Britain, Germany, Poland, Austria, and Slovakia. The comparison is based on the study of the secondary literature on the subject published so far and the aim is to place the developments in the Bohemia lands in the European context. Keywords Revenant; early modern...
Importance of environmental elements (water environment and greenery) in urbanized areas of the Czech Republic
HAVRÁNKOVÁ, Lucie
The aim of the dissertation is to provide an analytical comparison of the effectiveness of using of the environmental potential of watercourses and greenery in urbanized areas/cities of the Czech Republic (ČR). The work is divided into a part of physical-geographical and sociological assessment and research. The physical-geographical analysis will provide the results of watercourse use in the city using the Urban River Sustainability Index (URSI) and watercourse availability analysis. In the area of eva-luation of cities in terms of greenery, the results are obtained through the calculation of the Indicator of the General Quality of Greenery in Cities (IOKZM) based on the Coefficient of Ecological Stability (KES) and the evaluation of the share of greenery in cities. Sociological research provides the user's opinion on the positive environmental contribution of the watercourse in specific urbanized areas, based on the results of quantitative and qualitative research. This section is statistically evaluated using logistic regression (LR) and multivariate correspondence analysis (CA). The overall results of the work create an overal image of the importance of environmental elements (water environment and greenery) in urbanized areas of the Czech Republic. They draw attention to the current state of Czech cities and suggest possible improving solutions not only for their changing climatic situation.
Compatibility of selected dental alloys with magnetic resonance imaging
Linetskiy, Igor ; Hubálková, Hana (advisor) ; Suchánek, Jakub (referee) ; Dostálová, Taťjana (referee)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the up-to-date and perspective methods of diagnostic medical imaging. It is highly valued for absence of ionizing radiation, non-invasiveness, acquiring of highly accurate images of hard and especially soft tissues in any plane. It is a method of choice in central nervous system imaging. Nowadays it is used in diagnostics of other diseases in the maxillofacial area. The major shortcoming of MRI is interaction of magnetic fields of MRI system with metallic objects present in human body. As a result, this may lead to their heating, movement, and also to imaging artifacts. Since different metallic constructions (fixed bridges, dental implants, splints, plates, orthodontic appliances, etc.) are often used in the contemporary dentistry, the problem of their compatibility with MRI is relevant. The aim of this study was to validate the compatibility of dental alloys with MRI, classify the materials according to the degree of compatibility and to establish the range of their possible negative impact on quality of MRI in head and neck area. In order to find dental metals and alloys, General Health Insurance Company code- list, catalogues of manufacturers' and Prague dental labs were used. Measurement methods of magnetic susceptibility (MS), electric conductivity...

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