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Production of strawberries in organic system of growing
Pištěková, I. ; Boček, S. ; Vaňková, Radomíra ; Drahošová, H. ; Odstrčilová, L. ; Salaš, P. ; Sasková, H.
A technology of growing strawberries in organic farming systems is presented in the methodology. The methodology is aimed at selecting the most suitable varieties of strawberry, previous crop influence, the influence of supplementary plant products and biofungicides on the yield of single varieties. It contains evaluation of health condition and fruiting characteristics of varieties. Yield potential of varieties and resistance to diseases were found in the most suitable varieties and technological processes for organic cultivation of strawberries were selected. The methodology for practice is a comprehensive guide for growing strawberries in organic production systems.
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Phytoremediation of air - plans and reality
Vaněk, Tomáš ; Maršík, Petr ; Soudek, Petr
Results obtained so far indicate that selected plants can be effectively used to remove contaminants from the air, both horizontally and especially near sources of contamination, such as roads. When choosing plants, it is necessary to pay attention to their sorption capacities, as well as their ability to survive in contaminated sites, which are also exposed to other stresses such as lack of moisture and salinity.
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Produkce polyklonálních protilátek proti rekombinantnímu proteinu X viru bramboru
Čeřovská, Noemi ; Plchová, Helena ; Moravec, Tomáš ; Filigarová, Marie ; Dědič, P.
The gene encoding the coat protein (CP) of Potato virus X was cloned into expression vector pMPM-4A Omega. PVX CP was expressed in Escherichia coli and was used for raising rabbit polyclonal antibodies. For immunization we purified CP fractions from bacterial lysate either by simple fractionation or by excision from SDS gel. The obtained sera and antibodies were tested for the detection of PVX in laboratory hosts Nicotiana tabacum, cv. Petit Havana SR 1 and N.benthamiana and in various cultivars of natural host Solanum tuberosum by ELISA as well as by Western blots. The antibodies were specific for PVX and are usable for the detection of the broad isolates spectrum of the Potato virus X by ELISA and Western blot.
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Mode of action of resistance inducers against powdery mildew in wheat
Grigová, Vendula ; Šašek, M. ; Věchet, L. ; Burketová, Lenka
One of the method, how to increase resistance of plants against disease without changes of their genom is use of phenomenon known as induced resistance. Plant protection in system of induced resistance is based on activation of defence mechanisms of plants by stimulation of methabolic and structural changes in plants. For induction of resistance is used many compounds of chemical and biological origin. This work informs about mode of action of inductors used in pathosystem wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) – powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. tritici). Efficiency of cited inducers were analysed by means of markers genes expression and by finding out infective structures of Blumeria. Slight expression of WCI5 (wheat chemically induced gene) ) and WCK1 (gene encoding a MAP kinase in wheat) was detected. Test of germinability showed that BTH (benzothiadiazol) treatment and treatment of oak bark extract caused an inhibition of germinative activity of Blumeria graminis spores on wheat.
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Defence mechanisms of sugarbeet participating on resistance against pathogens and pests
Grigová, Vendula ; Burketová, Lenka
The plants dispose their own defence mechanisms against pathogen attack, which include both constitutive and induced structural changes, but mainly biochemical changes. SAR (Systemic Acquired Resistance) is an important defence mechanism. The objective was to compare defence reactions of sugar beet against the causal agent of rhizomania, i.e. BNYVV and its vector Polymyxa betae, with sugar beet reaction after soil nematode attack and with reaction to treatment with chemical and biological inductors of resistance. We have shown that the same spectrum of hydrolytic PR-proteins (basic -1,3-glucanase (Glu2), basic class IV chitinase (Ch4), acidic class III chitinase (SE2), basic class II chitinase (Ch2)) is induced both after pathogen/pest attack and after BTH inductor treatment; nevertheless, the intensity of induction is related to a particular agent. Increased accumulation of glucanase was detected immunohistologically in sugar beet tissues both after pathogen/pest attack and after BTH inductor treatment.
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Potato containing a transgene for the fusion protein SPI2::GFP
Navrátil, Oldřich ; Kludkiewicz, Barbara ; Vinokurov, Konstantin ; Horáčková, V. ; Sehnal, František
Plant breeding is facing a new era, the horizons of which are determined by transition from studies of the role of individual genes in biological processes to global search for the role of genome and proteome in determination of biological processes. Thegeneral aim of the center is to utilize the potential of the functional genomics and proteomics to obtain novel information and breeding material to increase the quality of agricultural products, specifically, to improve the agronomic parameters and modifying specific properties of crop plants important not just in the Czech Republic, but also in Central Europe in general. Research will focus on increasing of (i) quality of wheat and barley corn, pea seeds and potato tubers, (ii) potato and pea resistance to pests and pathogenes, and (iii) heavy metal uptake and resistance in flux for phytoremediation.
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