Vliv obnovitelných zdrojů na přenosové soustavy v centrální Evropě

Málek, Jan

This thesis focuses on the influence of renewable energy sources on the transmission networks in Central Europe. Firstly, it gives an overview of the power and transmission systems of Central European states. Based on the analysis, three key causes of congestion and instability of the grid are identified. These include (i) insufficient transmission capacity between northern and southern Germany, (ii) Energiewende policy and (iii) existence of German-Austrian bidding zone. To assess the exact impact on the transmission grid, ELMOD model is employed. Two development scenarios for the year 2025 are evaluated on the basis of four representative weeks of the year 2015. The first scenario focuses on the effect of Energiewende on the transmission networks, the second one drops out nuclear phase-out and thus assesses isolated effect of increased solar and wind feed-in. The results indicate that higher feed-in of solar and wind power increases the exchange balance and total transport of electricity between TSO areas as well as the average load of lines and volatility of flows. Solar power is identified as a key contributor to the volatility increase, wind power is identified as a key loop-flow contributor. Eventually, it is concluded that German nuclear phase-out does not significantly exacerbate mentioned problems.

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